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These seven points are items I have always kept in mind while studying, and I felt that the better I practiced them, the more my study efficiency amplified. This was directly linked to an improvement in my grades. Hello, I
Discover 7 neuroscience-based study methods to boost efficiency, improve memory, and enhance exam performance.
Key Takeaways
- Study efficiency is the key factor that differentiates top performers with similar resources and time.
- Incorporating emotions and visualization helps convert short-term memory into long-term retention.
- Memorization can be more practical than deep understanding for certain exams, especially under time pressure.
- Reviewing errors with a marking system enhances targeted learning and saves time.
- Mental health and sleep quality are critical for maintaining optimal brain function during study.
What the video covers
- Maximize hippocampus function by using emotional and visual elements to transfer information into long-term memory.
- Avoid the illusion that organizing notes equals studying; prioritize memorization over just creating materials.
- Choose between understanding and memorization based on exam type and time constraints for optimal efficiency.
- Improve problem-solving efficiency by categorizing reasons for mistakes and focusing review accordingly.
- Strengthen metacognition by critically evaluating study habits and adapting methods to personal needs.
- Use time outside of study wisely to increase overall study efficiency, including quality rest and mental health management.
- Develop personalized strategies to increase study efficiency tailored to the individual learner.
Chapters
- 00:00Introduction and Overview of 7 Study Efficiency Points
- 01:00Outline of Key Study Efficiency Techniques
- 02:03Maximizing Hippocampus Function for Memory
- 03:02Breaking Free from the Brain's Illusion About Studying
- 04:06Choosing Between Understanding and Memorization
- 05:06Improving Problem-Solving Efficiency
- 06:10Strengthening Metacognition and Study Habits
- 07:18Optimizing Time Outside Study and Mental Health
- 09:28Using Background Knowledge and Memory Techniques
- 12:34Summary and Final Study Tips
Full Transcript — Download SRT & Markdown
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am Yeon-su Nam, a current professional. What exactly constitutes studying for success? It can be said that the skill levels of students preparing for a specific exam, or those aiming for the same university, are quite similar.
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Most study methods are alike; they take the most popular online lectures and use the most famous textbooks, and in most cases, their ages are similar as well. Consequently, their score ranges tend to be similar, and in reality, the
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cutoff line is usually determined in the range where scores are most clustered. The time allotted to students is also very similar.
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Ultimately, the factor that determines success or failure is undoubtedly study efficiency. This study efficiency determines whether you get one or two more questions right than others, and this ultimately decides whether you pass or fail. Today, we will look at
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seven ways to increase study efficiency that we might otherwise overlook. If you properly grasp just these seven points, you will feel a significant improvement in your study efficiency.
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The first point covers how to ensure efficiency while studying. The fourth is how to improve efficiency when solving problems. The fifth is how to strengthen metacognition; these are tips for enhancing efficiency during the study process itself. The sixth
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point concerns how to spend time outside of study, and strategies here can also lead to increased efficiency when you actually study. Finally, I will mainly address increasing efficiency for yourself, the subject of the study. Let's start with the first
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point. It concerns maximizing the function of the hippocampus. Among the components that make up our brain, there is a region called the hippocampus. The hippocampus plays the role of deciding whether to discard input information or store it for the
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long term. Since the hippocampus has a limited capacity, if it judges information to be useless, it deletes it; if it judges information to be necessary, it sends it to the deep cortex of our brain to transfer it into
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long-term memory. You can think of the former as the mechanism by which short-term memory is formed, and the latter as long-term memory. We should, of course, try to send as much of what we have studied into short-term memory
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as possible. The hippocampus has criteria for determining whether to send information to short-term or long-term memory. First, the more heavily emotions are involved, the more likely it is to be transferred to long-term memory. This is because the amygdala, often called the center of
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emotion, is located nearby, allowing for interaction between the two. Second, there is a tendency to classify visual stimuli, in particular among the five senses, into long-term memory. You will understand this better if you recall how memories from ordinary days
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are hard to remember, while shocking events or days of significant emotional shifts remain in your mind like photographs and linger for a long time.
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So, how can you transfer the content of a textbook that looks boring at first glance into long-term memory? The answer is to visualize the theories explained in the "In-Frame" technique to imprint them in your mind, while adding emotional and sensory elements.
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Rather than applying this to every theory, I suggest focusing on concepts that are truly difficult to memorize.
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Try drawing pictures, adding emotions like sadness, joy, or excitement, and utilizing various means such as reading, writing, and listening to help you memorize them. Please refer to the "In-Frame" technique for details regarding images. One more thing: since
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the movement of information through the hippocampus primarily occurs at night, getting a good night's sleep is crucial for maximizing learning efficiency. If you have poor sleep, please refer to my sleep management guide. For those exposed to stress or depression, stress
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hormones destroy brain cells in the hippocampus, so managing one's mental health is also essential to maintain learning efficiency. Second, break free from the brain's illusion. Is there anyone here who has memorized all their family or friends' phone numbers? More
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than half would likely answer no. The reason is that their numbers are already saved on their phones, so they don't feel the need to memorize them.
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This is because we have a tendency to avoid bothersome things as much as possible and seek comfort. Following the same principle, people often mistakenly believe that simply writing down things—such as doing a lot of research, creating notes, or listing
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everything to memorize—means they have studied a lot. However, simply because you have organized your study material, you might end up skipping the actual memorization process. And this isn't an open-book exam. Conversely, there are people who pour so much
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energy into creating these materials that they enter the exam room without having properly memorized what they should have. As a result, they end up missing questions they could have answered if they had simply memorized one more thing during that time. Of
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course, the work of creating the billiards original drawings and summary sheets mentioned earlier is beneficial, but please manage your time precisely so that the ratio of creation to actual memorization remains slightly higher.
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Third, which should you choose: understanding or memorization? There are two paths to mastering a specific concept. Whether you choose understanding or memorization, if you properly internalize the material, you can answer the questions correctly on the exam, unless it is a difficult
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problem. Especially if the exam is lengthy and relies heavily on memorization, you should quickly give up on understanding and just rapidly memorize the "ice liquid" mentioned in the "ice study method." Then, you will experience that during the next review,
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a significant amount of material will naturally become clear based on the surrounding context and the ice liquid.
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In other words, the point is not to force yourself to dwell on things you do not understand. And even if it is a short-term exam like a school exam a month away—in the case of a long-term exam—you simply memorize the parts
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you don't understand the day before the exam and go in. Regardless of the method, we just need to get the questions right. However, if the subject is understanding-based or the exam requires comprehension, I recommend utilizing online lectures rather than this strategy. Instead of
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going through every chapter straight through, selectively listen to the parts you don't have access to. Of course, if you have plenty of time and are studying at a leisurely pace, going through everything straight through is the cleanest approach, but I am
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speaking from the perspective of maximizing efficiency within a short period. Fourth, problem-solving efficiency. I will explain how to increase efficiency when reviewing after solving problems and grading. One common inefficient method is to solve the incorrect questions from beginning
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to end or read the answer key next to you when returning after some time has passed since grading. This is a method that subtly wastes time. The reason is that there is not just one reason why you got a question wrong. Yes. However,
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this is because there are various reasons for getting questions wrong, such as misreading the question itself, not knowing some of the options, or not knowing the entire concept related to the question. A tip I can offer here is
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to establish a marking system to distinguish your own reasons for getting an answer wrong, and write it down next to your answers after grading. This allows you to differentiate the weight you place on your review; for instance, you might skip questions you
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got wrong because you misread the question, while examining those you got wrong due to
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immediately during review. Fifth, strengthen metacognition. I have already mentioned in the section on metacognitive study methods that metacognition is crucial for learning.
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However, regarding metacognition, there is a tendency among test-takers to blindly follow study methods. For instance, you may have tried applying the methodology from study books or YouTube videos where successful candidates claim that waking up early in the morning to study helps their
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brains function better, only to find yourself constantly dozing off. This is a case where you misidentified your own suitable daily routine—in other words , your metacognition. In such cases, you must spend a few days adjusting your wake-up time to find the most
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efficient time for yourself. Furthermore, blindly following various study methods can lead you to force yourself to use methodologies that do not suit you. The same applies to the study methods I have shared. You must go through the process of trying out
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different methods to find and combine only the ones that fit you best. This is the true path to developing metacognition regarding study methods.
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Now, let's look at how to utilize study time effectively to maintain efficiency while studying. It is also important to rest strategically. You should avoid engaging in activities that consume too much physical or emotional energy when you are not studying. For instance,
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there are people who make you unnecessarily rush home when meeting friends. At least during the exam preparation period, it is necessary to manage your social relationships to some extent, such as meeting only friends with whom you can have calm
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conversations. In fact, resting alone might actually be better. At this time, even when watching content like Netflix , I recommend focusing on short, one-episode series that can be finished in a single episode, rather than continuous dramas. It is actually
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better to make your daily life smooth, monotonous, and simple, rather than boring or uninteresting. If there are too many entertaining things outside of studying, you will get distracted by them, which will actually deal a significant blow to your studying.
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Let's save the fun and dynamic things for after the exam. Finally, regarding self-esteem: people with low self-esteem inevitably become more dependent on others. In such cases, it affects their self-esteem regarding studying; the scenario can unfold where they diligently gather memorization
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notes or predicted questions beforehand , only to end up looking at key notes from friends or famous instructors right before the exam. I have actually seen many people do this. If this happens, it is impossible to do well on
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the exam. Self-esteem is confidence and trust in oneself; the higher your self-esteem, the better you can choose the study methods and plans that suit you best. In fact, one study even conducted an experiment that quantitatively measured self-esteem indices and compared the size of the
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hippocampus, which is responsible for memory, using CT scans. It has been found that the higher the self-esteem index, the larger the size of the hippocampus. In other words, this suggests that higher self-esteem may also lead to better memory. I covered
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methods to boost self-esteem in my previous video, so if you haven't seen it yet, I highly recommend watching it.
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This content is essential not only for studying but also for living a mentally healthy life. These seven points are items I have always kept in mind while studying, and I felt that the more I practiced them, the more my study
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efficiency amplified. This was directly linked to improved grades. Are you saying the exam is right around the corner and you haven't studied much, so you feel like you have to cram but don't know how? Do you feel like your
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friends have already done advanced studies and know a lot, while you feel like you still know nothing? What do these two situations have in common? It is that they started studying later than others. The former is a situation
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that you and I have experienced every exam period, while the latter, in a way , may be a feeling we have chronically experienced throughout our lives.
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Specific situations regarding the latter include those who started studying late or those who are balancing work and study. Today, we will examine the mechanism by which a late starter can outperform an early starter. As can be seen in many sports
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matches, the person who takes the lead early on does not necessarily secure the final victory. However, it is true that you need a differentiated weapon to defeat an opponent who has conceded the initiative early on. I will explain
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this by dividing the explanation into how to create that differentiated weapon and how to wield it. Here, creating a differentiated weapon means finding ways to utilize study methods more powerful than those who have studied much longer than you. Wielding
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that weapon means using those methods to actually pour a massive amount of time and energy into studying. First, how can we create a study weapon more powerful than someone who has spent countless hours studying? It is by leveraging our own study experience.
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Let's assume the scope of study required to get a perfect score on an exam is 100. Someone who has studied diligently since early on would have been successfully filling that 100.
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Meanwhile, we have likely been doing other things during that same amount of time instead of studying. For example, whether you met many friends, traveled extensively, watched a lot of TV or YouTube, read comic books, or played a lot of games, you certainly cannot
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spend your time doing nothing. While you might think these experiences are insignificant, they can actually serve as the raw materials for a powerful weapon in your study methods. Primarily , experiences such as traveling, watching various content, and meeting
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people to engage in diverse conversations build background knowledge. Furthermore, when you acquire new study knowledge, you can utilize this background knowledge to absorb it quickly. As I mentioned regarding the "glue memorization method ," memorization becomes incredibly easy if you can connect new knowledge to
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what is already stored in your long-term memory. That spiderweb-like background knowledge may appear sparse when viewed solely within the scope of a study range of 100, but when viewed from a macroscopic perspective—that is, beyond the general range of 100—
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it is actually denser than that of students who have only focused on studying. This signifies that you possess the potential to grow at a higher level and at a faster pace. In this respect, this explains the principle by which working
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professionals with extensive social experience can overcome their inherent lack of memorization ability compared to average test-takers and ultimately pass the exam through the wisdom gained from their years of experience. However , it is unlikely that past experiences serve as direct background knowledge
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for the subject matter itself. Nevertheless, if you can utilize the single connecting link of a study method, any experience can be creatively applied to your studies. For instance, if a student who spent their entire school years playing video games
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decides to focus on studying, their gaming knowledge is unlikely to be directly linked to their academic knowledge. However, by utilizing the " Memory Palace" method I mentioned in my reference guide on memorization techniques, they can match keywords to
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specific in-game units. Similarly, when creating two-syllable phrases using memorization techniques, the possibilities for materials become endless, such as inserting monster names or magic names in the middle. If you have traveled extensively, you can create "Memory Palaces" based on the
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destinations you have visited, thereby establishing a much more powerful memorization space than students who have only studied in reading rooms. In fact, a friend of mine who listened to a lot of music even turned material into songs to memorize while in medical
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school; he achieved outstanding grades there and is now working as a specialist in plastic surgery. This is because memories derived from direct experience are more intense than any text. In that sense, I hope you master the various study methods offered by
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Yeon-su Nam as quickly as possible to fully utilize your past experiences in your studies, rather than relying on past study methods. Now that you realize you have the potential for a turnaround, it is time to motivate yourself to study. Friends who usually
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played more than others possess the strength to pour more passion and energy into their studies when the time finally comes to focus. While playing instead of fulfilling their duty as students—studying—they likely accumulated vague anxiety and guilt in their minds, consciously or
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unconsciously. However, the more you played and the more anxiety and guilt you accumulated, the greater and more sustainable the driving force for your studies becomes. I, too, was in a state of gaming addiction until the summer vacation of my sophomore year of high
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school, to the point where my record in a single game was approaching 1,500 wins. Even though I thought my life would be ruined if I continued living like this, I couldn't quit because the game itself was so fun. The moment that
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guilt and anxiety crossed my threshold, I immediately deleted the game and didn't play for a single minute from the next day until I entered university . I was also able to start studying in earnest, armed with the determination
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to work harder than others to make up for that wasted time. This is an emotional management technique that can be applied to short-term exams like midterms or finals, and it can also be used when you feel the urge to study at
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any moment. Now, let's move on to how to wield your weapon. Simply working hard doesn't guarantee good grades; you need to know how to wield your weapon with precision. For long-term exams, if you consistently try various study methods under strong motivation, choose
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the one that suits you best, and approach it with patience, you will surely achieve good results. However, short-term exams don't allow for that luxury, so you need to use a somewhat different strategy. To turn things around in short-term exams, I think I
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can mention about three main strategies . The first is to study well and deeply . Students who study hard tend to use multiple textbooks for a single subject . Let's assume Textbook A covers chapters 1, 2, and 3, while Textbook B
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covers chapters 1, 4, and 5. If you review the two haphazardly, you might remember chapter 1 to some extent because it overlaps, but you might actually have trouble remembering chapters 2, 3, 4, and 5 because you haven't reviewed them sufficiently.
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This is a scenario entirely possible if you studied diligently but half-heartedly. You should especially avoid studying this way if you started late. Instead, you should approach it with the mindset of discarding the other textbooks for chapters 1, 4, and
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5 and focusing on reviewing chapters 1, 2, and 3 multiple times. You are winning with a few solid pieces of knowledge rather than a multitude of superficial ones. In conclusion, if chapters 1, 2, and 4 appear on the exam
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, I can at least certainly write chapter 1 as the correct answer. However, the student who studied diligently might only write chapter 1 with certainty and fail to write the correct answer for chapter 2, even if they remember it well. In this case,
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you are more likely to perform better on the exam than that student. Second, if you feel you started studying late for a short-term exam, you must secure study time by drastically cutting back on sleep. Caffeine is the decisive help
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here. For long-term exams, you naturally need to manage your sleep to maintain your condition while studying, but for short-term exams, it is better to approach it with the mindset of pulling an all-nighter, even if it means opening a coffee and slacking off
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. Conversely, students who studied half-heartedly often go to bed early under the illusion that they have studied a lot. We should create an opportunity for a turnaround by cramming intensely the night before and in the early hours of the exam day.
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After all, material memorized close to the exam tends to be remembered much better. At least for a short-term exam, if you haven't studied anything, don't go to bed early to manage your condition; instead, secure pure study time by relying on coffee throughout
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the exam period and recover your condition after the exam is over. If you are wondering how to effectively spend this secured pure study time, please review my cramming method. Third is to engage in both input and output simultaneously. The most common study
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method is the "input followed by output " approach, where you read a book and then solve practice problems. It is true that this method is the most comfortable. However, when you are short on time, you should open both
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your textbook and workbook simultaneously and check which part of the textbook corresponds to the section in the workbook. Then, immediately recall that specific section by closing your eyes and trying to recall it, either by trying to recall it or
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writing it down in a notebook. It is even more effective if you proceed with the mindset that this part will appear on tomorrow's exam. While it may be difficult to make progress in a long-term exam if you study this way
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every time, it is a secret to effectively and quickly raising your score, at least for short-term exams with a limited scope. If you properly grasp the mechanism of turnaround and practical study methods I shared today, you will be able to study successfully
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even if you started late. If you would like to see more diverse advanced study methods and success insights beyond today's video, please press the subscribe button. If you would like to check out Yeon-su Ham's two self-development books, which became
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instant bestsellers upon publication, as well as his memorization e-book, please refer to the pinned comment or the video description. Also, the Yeonsu Nam Gasaeng Challenge KakaoTalk chat room will continue to operate even after the event ends, so please feel
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free to join via the link in the pinned comment. That's all for today's video.
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If this was helpful, please subscribe, like, and turn on all notifications. Thank you. Dang. เฮ
Topics:study efficiencyhippocampuslong-term memoryvisualizationemotional learningmemorization vs understandingproblem-solving strategiesmetacognitionexam preparationmental health and study
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