Speaker A
Hello everyone. This is Dr. Adel Bondok, Professor of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Mansoura University, Egypt. I am going to talk about the anatomy of the large intestine. I will talk about the parts of the large intestine.
Detailed anatomy of the large intestine covering parts, length, position, blood supply, nerve supply, peritoneal covering, and differences from the small intestine.
Key Takeaways
- The large intestine is shorter and wider than the small intestine, with distinct anatomical features like tenia coli and appendices epiploicae.
- Only certain parts of the large intestine are mobile due to mesocolon presence; others are fixed with partial peritoneal covering.
- Blood supply is divided mainly between the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries, with corresponding venous drainage.
- The appendix position is variable but most commonly retrocecal; the ileocecal valve has limited functional significance.
- Diverticulosis commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to structural muscle layer weaknesses.
Summary
- Introduction to the large intestine anatomy by Dr. Adel Bondok, including parts, length, and position.
- Description of each part: cecum, appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal with their lengths and locations.
- Differences between large and small intestines in length, diameter, muscle layers, wall texture, and presence of tenia coli and appendices epiploicae.
- Discussion on mobility and fixation of large intestine parts based on mesocolon presence and peritoneal covering.
- Explanation of tenia coli structure and distribution across different parts of the large intestine.
- Details on diverticulosis as herniation of mucous membrane through muscle layers, commonly in the sigmoid colon.
- Peritoneal covering variations among large intestine parts and the presence of paracolic gutters.
- Blood supply and venous drainage of the large intestine including arterial branches and mesenteric vessels.
- Nerve supply with sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation and lymphatic drainage following arterial pathways.
- Radiological examination and clinical relevance of anatomical features such as the ileocecal valve and appendix position.
Chapters
- 00:00Introduction and overview of large intestine anatomy
- 03:34Length and position of large intestine parts
- 06:35Differences between large and small intestine
- 09:24Muscle layers and tenia coli of large intestine
- 12:14Peritoneal covering and mobility of large intestine
- 15:16Blood supply and arterial branches
- 17:54Nerve supply and lymphatic drainage
- 22:56Clinical anatomy: appendix and ileocecal valve
- 26:58Radiological and pathological considerations
Full Transcript — Download SRT & Markdown
Speaker A
I will talk about the parts, their length, and the position, the differences between large intestine and small intestine, the peritoneal covering of each part, the blood supply, arterial and venous, the nerve supply, sympathetic and parasympathetic, the lymph drainage, and then radiological examination of the large intestine.
Speaker A
And finally, I will talk about certain topics on each part. Start by the length and the position. Start by the parts of the large intestine. This is the large intestine. This is the first part of the large intestine, which is the cecum. Second part,
Speaker A
vermiform appendix. Third part, ascending colon, and then the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, the rectum, and the anal canal. And don't forget the right colic flexure and the left colic flexure. Regarding the length and position of each part,
Speaker A
the cecum is 3 inches long and is located in the right iliac fossa. The appendix is also 3 inches long. The base of the appendix lies in the right iliac fossa, but the position of the tip is variable, but the commonest side
Speaker A
is retrocecal. I will talk about it later. Then the ascending colon, five inches long, it extends from the right iliac fossa to the right colic flexure in the right hypochondrium. It is located... flexure in the right hypochondrium. It is located in the right lumbar region. This is the right lumbar
Speaker A
region. Then the transverse colon. It is 15 inches long. It extends from the right colic flexure in the right hypochondrium below the liver,
Speaker A
and it ends at the left colic flexure in the left hypochondrium below the spleen.
Speaker A
So it is located in the right hypochondrium, it crosses the umbilical region, it ends in the left hypochondrium. Then the descending colon, which is 10 inches long, it extends from the left colic flexure in the left hypochondrium to the left pelvic brim where it continues as
Speaker A
the sigmoid colon. The sigmoid colon is 10 inches long, extending from the left pelvic brim to the third piece of the sacrum where it continues as the rectum. The rectum is located in the posterior part of the pelvis. It is 5 inches long.
Speaker A
It continues as the anal canal, which is long. It continues as the anal canal, which is located in the perineum, and the anal canal is one and a half inches long. In order to remember the length of each part of the large intestine, remember this: we have two parts
Speaker A
three inches long each. Each part is three inches long, which is the cecum and appendix, and you have another two parts five inches long, ascending colon and the rectum, and we have another two
Speaker A
parts which are 10 inches long. I am talking about each part, which is the descending colon and the sigmoid colon. The longest part is the transverse colon, 15 inches. The shortest part is the anal canal, which is one and a half inches long.
Speaker A
Okay, what are the differences between the large intestine and the small intestine? This is a piece of the large intestine, and this is a piece of the small intestine. Regarding the length and the diameter, the large intestine is shorter, one and a half meters, one and a half meters,
Speaker A
and has large diameter. Small intestine six meters and has a smaller diameter. Okay, so large intestine large diameter, small intestine a small diameter. The large intestine, this is a specific feature of the large intestine: it has three tenia coli, and the tenia coli are longitudinal muscle fibers.
Speaker A
Okay, they are longitudinal muscle fibers, okay? The wall of the small intestine is smooth, no tenia coli, because it has a continuous muscle layer. The wall of the large intestine is corrugated. The wall of the small intestine is smooth.
Speaker A
So, large intestine, one and a half meters, small intestine, one and a half meters.
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One and a half meters, a small intestine is six meters. Large intestine has three tenia coli, small intestine has no tenia coli. Large intestine, the wall is corrugated, the small intestine, the wall is smooth. How about mesentery or mesocolon, mobility or fixation, or not mobile? Okay.
Speaker A
Large intestine has appendices epiploicae or epiploic appendages, which are peritoneal pouches filled with fat. A small intestine has no epiploic appendages. So large intestine has appendices epiploicae. A small intestine has no appendices epiploicae. Three parts of the large intestine have
Speaker A
mesocolon. Therefore, they are mobile. Colon, therefore, they are mobile: transverse colon, sigmoid colon, and appendix. A small intestine has mesentery except the duodenum; therefore, the small intestine is mobile except the duodenum. So transverse colon and sigmoid colon are mobile. Ascending colon
Speaker A
and descending colon are fixed because they are covered in front and sides. They are not complete because they are covered in front and sides. They are not completely covered with peritoneum. Small intestine is mobile except the duodenum. Large intestine has no mucous holes.
Speaker A
Small intestine has numerous mucous holes, especially in the jejunum, and these mucous holes are called plicae circulares. So if you see mucous holes, okay, and then how about the lymphoid follicles? They are absent in the large intestine. They are present in the small intestine,
Speaker A
especially the ileum, where they form aggregations called Peyer's patches. So what are the tenia coli? Tenia coli are three bands formed of longitudinal muscle layer, okay, unlike the small intestine which has continuous muscle layer. Tenia coli are
Speaker A
absent in the appendix and rectum, so the large intestine contains tenia coli except the appendix and the rectum.
Speaker A
In the ascending and the descending colon, there are one anterior and two posterior. In the ascending and the descending colon, there are one anterior and two posterior. On the other hand, in the transverse colon, there are two anterior and one posterior.
Speaker A
Because the longitudinal muscle layer is absent in some areas, okay, in some areas in the wall of the large intestine, okay, and these areas contain only circular muscle layer.
Speaker A
Diverticulosis occurs. So diverticulosis is herniation of the mucous membrane, okay, through the muscle layer, okay, or actually through the circular muscle layer between the tenia coli, and the commonest site of diverticulosis is the sigmoid colon, sigmoid colon. Regarding the peritoneal covering,
Speaker A
this is the cecum. The cecum, although it is completely covered with peritoneum, it doesn't have fold of peritoneum like the transverse colon and the sigmoid colon. So the cecum is completely covered with the peritoneum; therefore, it is mobile. The appendix
Speaker A
is completely covered with peritoneum and has mesoappendix. This is the mesoappendix containing the appendicular artery. The ascending colon and the descending colon are covered only in front and the sides, okay, and they have two paracolic gutters, one medial and one lateral, two paracolic gutters,
Speaker A
one medial and one lateral. This is medial paracolic gutter, and this is lateral paracolic gutter. Medial paracolic gutter, medial paracolic gutter, and this is the lateral paracolic gutter here lateral to the ascending and the descending colon. So ascending colon and the descending colon are covered
Speaker A
only in front, then the sides. Then the transverse colon and the sigmoid colon, they are completely covered with peritoneum, and each one has mesocolon, transverse mesocolon containing the middle colic vessels, and the sigmoid mesocolon containing the sigmoid vessels.
Speaker A
The rectum. The rectum is divided into three parts. The upper third is covered in front and the sides. The middle third is covered anteriorly with peritoneum. The lower one third is not covered with peritoneum. So the parts of the large intestine which are completely covered with peritoneum are four:
Speaker A
cecum, appendix, transverse colon, and the sigmoid colon. Transverse colon and the sigmoid colon regarding the arterial supply of the large...
Speaker A
artery, it supplies the hindgut. And the hindgut is formed of the left one -third of the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, the rectum, and the upper part of the inner canal. the rectum and the upper part of the anal canal therefore the
Speaker A
transverse colon has double blood supply the right two thirds from the superior mesenteric artery the left one third from the inferior mesenteric artery therefore the sechum is supplied by branches from the superior mesenteric artery anterior cecal and the posterior
Speaker A
cecal artery anterior cicle and the posterior cicle anterior cicle and posterior cicle arteries are branches from the iliocolic artery and the iliocolic artery is a branch from the superior mesenteric artery appendix supplied by the appendicular artery this appendicular artery is a branch from the iliocolic artery
Speaker A
superior mesenteric artery ascending colon is supply mesenteric artery ascending colon is supplied by the iliocolic and the right colic arteries which are branches from the superior mesenteric artery then the transverse colon the transverse colon is divided into two parts
Speaker A
right two thirds and left one third the right two thirds are supplied by the superior mesenteric artery artery the middle colic branch and the right two thirds are supplied by the superior mesentric artery because they are derived from the mid gut.
Speaker A
The left one third is supplied by the inferior mesentric artery the left colic branch because it develops from the hind gut. Descendant colon is supplied by the left colic artery and the sigmoid arteries okay which are branches from the inferior
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mesenteric artery sigmoid colon supplied by sigmoid branches of the inferior mesenteric artery and the rectum okay and the rectum is supplied by the superior rectal artery which is a continuation of the inferior mesenteric artery regarding the venous drainage correspond to the arteries
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so the venous drainage superior and the inferior mesenteric veins to support drainage superior and inferior mesentric veins to the portal vein. The superior mesentric vein actually form with the spleenic vein the portal vein.
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Regarding the inferior mesentric vein, it terminates in the spleenic vein. Regarding the nerve supply of the small intestine, this is a very important topic because most of the students actually ignore the nerve supply.
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of the intestine. So again, we have mid -gut and we have hindgut. And each part is supplied by sympathetic and parasympathetic.
Speaker A
The mid -gut, cecum appendix, ascending colon, and right -to -sers of the transverse colon, sympathetic from the superior mesentric ganglion, superior mesentric plexus, superior mesentric plexus okay and from the lesser splenkinic nerve this is the sympathetic the parasympathetic by the vagus
Speaker A
so autonomic innervation of the mid gut the sympathetic superior mesentric plexus from the superior mesentric ganglion from the lesser splenkinic nerve the parasympathetic from the vagus nerve, the parasympathetic from the vecus. Regarding the hindgut, left third of the transverse colon or left colic fracture, descending colon,
Speaker A
sigmoid colon, and the rectum. Again, sympathetic. Here is the sympathetic inferior mesentric plexus, inferior mesentric ganglion, and the lumbar splenchnic nervous. So lumbar splenchnic nervous Splankinic nervous, so lumbar splankinic nervous synapse in the inferior mesentric ganglion and the post -ganglionic fibers form the inferior
Speaker A
mesentric plexus. So sympathetic innervation of the hind gut, inferior mesentric plexus from the inferior mesentric ganglion from the lumbar splankinic nervous. How about the parasympathetic innervation of the hind gut? So parasympathetic innervation. the parasympathetic innervation of the hindgut, the parasympathetic
Speaker A
innervation from the pelvic splanchnic nervous, EC2 -3 and 4. Regarding the lymph drainage of the large intestine, remember the arterial supply.
Speaker A
Just remove the artery and put lymph node. So the midgut drains into the superior mesentric lymph nodes around the superior mesentric artery. around the superior mesenteric artery.
Speaker A
The high -end gut drains into the inferior mesenteric lymph nodes around the inferior mesenteric artery. So, you know that lymphatics run with the arteries.
Speaker A
So, if you forget the lymph drainage of the gut, just remember the arterial supply, I remove the artery and put lymph node. Mid gut drains into, supplied by superior mesentric artery, drains into superior mesentric lymph nodes.
Speaker A
High end gut, supplied by inferior mesentric artery, okay, so drains into inferior mesentric lymph nodes. And then radiological examination of the large intestine. Radiological examination by barium enema.
Speaker A
Barium enema, okay, this is how to identify the different parts of the large intestine in a barium enema film. This is the cecum, this is the ascendant colon, right colic fracture, transverse colon, this is the left colic fracture
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here, this one is the descendant colon, sigmoid colon, This is the descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
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So, sicum, ascending colon, right colic fracture, transverse colon, this is the left colic fracture, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
Speaker A
then i will talk about certain topics about each part okay start by the cecum just reminding you how long is the cecum it is three inches long where is it in the right iliac fossa how about the peritoneal covering it is completely covered with peritoneal therefore
Speaker A
the cecum is mobile are those peritoneal therefore the cecum is mobile the cecum has three peritoneal recesses okay three peritoneal recesses the most important one is this one behind the cecum retroceker recess this is the retroceker recess and this recess
Speaker A
usually contains the appendix okay so retroceker recess the second one above the ileum this one superior ileocecal. Third one, below the ileum, inferior ileocecal. So the three recesses of the cecum, retorcecal, superior ileocecal, and inferior ileocecal. What is
Speaker A
the clinical importance of these recesses? are sites of internal stress. are sites of internal strangulation of the intestine regarding the relations of the cecum here is covered by the greater omentum and of course the anterior abdominal wall so i will
Speaker A
describe the anterior relation and the posterior relation this is the cecum okay and these are the muscles behind the cecum so anterior and posterior anterior relation here anterior relation three structures of course the number one the anterior abdominal wall
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behind the anterior abdominal wall this greater omentum behind the greater omentum okay a small intestine so the anterior relation of the cecum anterior abdominal wall greater omentum a small intestine posterior relation two muscles and the nerve in between the two muscles a nerve in between the two muscles
Speaker A
this one is the iliacus muscle iliacus muscle this one iliacus muscle second one this one sauce major muscle and between the iliacus and the sauce this nerve this is the femoral nerve okay so the posterior relation of the cecum iliacus sauce and femoral nerve
Speaker A
then the internal structure of the cecum this is the internal This is the internal structure of the cecum. I see two openings, okay, two openings.
Speaker A
The upper one is the opening of the ileum, and this opening has ileocecal valve. And actually, or surprisingly, this ileocecal valve has no function, okay? Below the ileocecal valve by one inch, there is another opening, which is the opening which is the
Speaker A
opening of the appendix. So the opening of the appendix is one inch below the ileocecal valve. Regarding the blood supply of the cecum, arterial and venous, of course arterial supply from the superior mesentric artery, which branch of the superior mesentric artery, the ileo -cholic artery,
Speaker A
which branches of the ileo -cholic artery, these two branches. Which branches of the ilioculic artery? These two branches, anterior cecal and the posterior cecal.
Speaker A
So the arterial supply of the cecum by anterior cecal and the posterior cecal arteries from the ilioculic artery, which is a branch from the superior mesenteric artery. Regarding the venous drainage, just replace the artery by vein. So anterior and posterior cecal veins, anterior and posterior cecal veins drain into
Speaker A
the superior. And the anterior and posterior cicle veins drain into the superior mesenteric vein. Regarding the lymphed range of the cecum, again, remember the blood supply, superior mesenteric artery. So the lymphed range of the cecum, the cecum drains into
Speaker A
superior mesenteric lymph nodes. Now the vermiform appendix, very important, vermiform appendix. What is the surface anatomy of the vermiform appendix? What is the surface anatomy of the vermiform appendix? The base of the vermiform appendix lies opposite the macburnus point. Macburnus
Speaker A
point is a point at the junction between the medial two -thirds and the lateral one -third of a line between the umbilicus and the anterior superior iliac side. This is macburnus point. Corresponding this is McBurn's point correspond to the base
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of the appendix junction between the medial two -thirds and the lateral one -third of a line between the umbilicus and the anterior superior iliac spine what is the peritoneal covering of the appendix it is completely covered with peritoneum it has meso appendix this
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meso appendix continues has meso appendix this meso appendix contains the appendicular artery from the iliocolic artery now this is very important what is the position of the appendix the position of the appendix is variable the base and the right ilioccus this is the base
Speaker A
but the tip the position of the tip is variable the communist side is behind the cecum. This one. This is the appendix behind the cecum in the retrocecal recess.
Speaker A
So retrocecal. Retrocecal in about 65 % behind the cecum in the retrocecal recess may be free in the recess or may be adherent to the wall of the cecum like this. It is the communist. The second one, this one, it extends into the pelvis. Pelvic.
Speaker A
appendix in 30%. In the female, appendicitis may be mistaken for ruptured ovarian cyst. They have the same clinical signs. Other sites, we have 5 % remaining. Paracycle.
Speaker A
Paracycle, paracycle along the lateral side of the cecum, okay? Paracycle along the lateral side of the cecum, subsicle extending below the cecum, then pre -ileal and post -ileal, pre -ileal in front of the ileum, post -ileal behind the ileum, and
Speaker A
then below the liver, sub -hebatic, very high, high. hepatic very high high below the liver why why sub hepatic because actually the cecum during development it descends from the right hypochondrium till the right to the right iliac fossa
Speaker A
sometimes the cecum doesn't descend okay and the last position is left sided and the left sided appendix is due to abnormal rotation of the gut situs inversus so the position of the appendix is variable the communist side is retrocecal either free or adherent to the wall of the seacum in
Speaker A
the retrocecal recess second type is pelvic other types Okay, pre -aleal, post -aleal, sub -hebatic, okay, and left -sided appendix. Then the ascending colon. This is the ascending colon. Just reminding you, ascending colon is 5 inches long.
Speaker A
It extends from the right iliac fossa, okay, to the right colic flexure in the right hypochondrium. From the right iliac fossa to the right colic flexure here.
Speaker A
It is present in the right lumbar region. anterior relation of the ascendant colon and the descendant colon are the same like the cecum anterior abdominal wall followed by the greater momentum followed by the small intestine regarding the posterior relation
Speaker A
this is the first one this is the muscle iliacus followed by the iliacrest followed by this muscle quadratus lumborum and it is separated from the quadratus lumborum by two nervous ilio hypogastric and the ilio inguinal nervous then the right kidney so the posterior relation of the ascendant column
Speaker A
iliacus, iliacrest, quadratus lumborum, two nerves, ilio -hypogastric, ilio -anguinal, and then the right kidney. Regarding the descending colon, same anterior relation, remember, the length is 10 inches long, double the length of the ascendant colon. It extends from the left colic fracture in the left hypochondrium
Speaker A
to the left pelvic brim, okay, to continue as the sigmoid colon. to continue as a sigmoid column 10 inches long covered in front and the sides because it is longer than the ascended column so it has more posterior
Speaker A
relation from above downward this is the first posterior relation left kidney followed by quadratus lumborum the ilio hypogastric and the ilio enduinal, followed by the iliac crest, then the iliacus, then this nerve, lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh, then this nerve, the femoral nerve, between the
Speaker A
iliacus and psoas, then the psoas major muscle and the external iliac vessels. So the posterior relation of the descendant colon, okay, left kidney, quadratus lumborum, ilio hypogastric, kidney, coderithus lumborum, ilio -hypogastric, ilio -induenal nerve, iliacrest, iliacus, lateral cutaneous nerve of the side, femoral nerve, source measure,
Speaker A
okay, external iliacrescence. Now, compare between the ascending colon and the descending colon. How long h1? Ascending colon, 5 inches long. Descending colon, 10 inches long, double. the length.
Speaker A
How about the peritoneal covering? It's the same. Ascending colon covered in front and sides.
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Descending colon covered in front and the sides. How about the anterior relation? It's the same. Three structures. Anterior abdominal wall. Greater momentum.
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Small intestine. How about the posterior relation? This is the ascending colon. Short. about the posterior relation this is the ascendant colon shorter than the descendant colon so ascendant colon has less and posterior relation descendant colon has more posterior relation ascendant colon less posterior relation okay
Speaker A
iliacus iliacrest quadratus lumborum right kidney descendant colon from above downward left kidney okay quadratus lumborum is too nervous illio hypogastric illio inguinal The two nerves, ilio -hypogastric, ilio -inguinal, iliacus, iliacrest, lateral cutenous nerve of the thigh, femoral nerve here,
Speaker A
source measure, and external iliac vessels. How about the arterial supply? Ascendant colon supplied by what? Superior mesentric artery. Descendant colon by inferior mesentric artery. How about the venous drainage? Ascendant colon drains into superior mesentric vein. Coulon drains into superior mesentric
Speaker A
vein. Descendant colon drains into inferior mesentric vein. How about nervous supply? Sympathetic and parasympathetic. Ascendant colon, sympathetic. Remember the artery? Superior mesentric plexus, lecerous plankinic nerve.
Speaker A
How about the parasympathetic? Vegas. Okay. Descendant colon, sympathetic. Inferior mesentric plexus, mesentric plexus lumbar splanconic nervous how about the parasympathetic nervous supply pelvic splanconic nervous is two three and four okay so nervous supply uh ascendant colon lesser splanconic and vegas descendant colon
Speaker A
lumbar splanconic and pelvic splanconic nervous superior mesentric plexus inferior mesentric plexus how about the lymph drainage Lymph drainage, okay, replace the artery by lymph node, ascending colon drains into superior mesentric lymph nodes, descending colon drains into inferior mesentric lymph nodes.
Speaker A
Now the only part remaining is the transversal colon, which is very important part. Why the transversal colon is a very important part because it has double origin. part from the mid gut and the part from the hind gut okay so
Speaker A
usually the transverse colon is a is an exam topic great transversical just reminding you reminding you of the length of the transverse column it is 15 inches long extension from the right collection Extention from the right colic flexure in the right hypochondrium below the liver, it ends in
Speaker A
the left colic flexure, okay, in the left hypochondrium below the spleen, it crosses the umbilical region.
Speaker A
What is the peritoneal covering of the transverse colon? Transverse colon is completely covered of the peritonean except the first two inches. covered with peritoneum except the first two inches the first two inches which cross the deuterium and the pancreas they are adherent to them so completely
Speaker A
covered with peritoneum except the first two inches which are adherent to the deuterium and the pancreas okay the transverse colon has transverse mesocolon this is the transverse mesocolon continued the middle containing the middle colic vessels therefore this part the transverse colon is mobile
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the left colic fracture this left colic fracture is connected to the diaphragm by a ligament called pharynico colic ligament and actually the pharynico colic ligament supports the lateral end of the spleen regarding anterior relation and the posterior relation of the transverse colon relation and the posterior relation of the transversical anterior
Speaker A
relation again anterior abdominal wall okay behind the anterior abdominal wall i see this omentum the greater omentum behind the greater omentum lesser sac and then in front of the right colic fracture is the liver above and in front of the right colic fracture the spleen above the left colic
Speaker A
fracture. Regarding the posterior relation, it crosses the abdomen, okay, from the right to the left. It crosses the second part of the deutenum, then the head of the pancreas, the small intestine, and then the right kidney. Then arterial
Speaker A
supply, nervous supply, lymphoma. Then, arterial supply, nerve supply, lymphed drainage, very important topics. The transverse colon is supplied by two arteries.
Speaker A
The right two -thirds by superior mesentric artery through the middle colic branch. The left one -third from the inferior mesentric artery through the left colic branch.
Speaker A
Because simply, the transverse colon develops from mid -gut and hindgut. mid -cut and hind -cut. Nerve supply. Again, right two -thirds and left one -third. Each one sympathetic and parasympathetic.
Speaker A
The right two -thirds sympathetic, superior mesentric plexus, superior mesentric ganglion, lesser splanking nerve, and the parasympathetic is the vagus side. Left one -third sympathetic and parasympathetic. Sympathetic, inferior mesentric plexus.
Speaker A
Parasympathetic, inferior mesentric pelixus, inferior mesentric ganglion, lumbar spilankinic nervous. How about the parasympathetic? Here, pelvic spilankinic nervous, EC2, 3, and 4. Therefore, the transverse colon is supplied by, regarding the parasympathetic innervation, the right two thirds by the villus, the left one third by the pelvic spilankinic
Speaker A
nervous. How about the lymphed drainage of the transverse colon? How about the lymph drainage of the transverse column? Again, the right two -thirds, superior mesentric lymph nodes. Okay? The left one -third, inferior mesentric lymph nodes.
Speaker A
And thank you very much. Best wishes and good luck. And I hope you enjoyed this lecture. Okay?
Topics:large intestine anatomytenia coliappendices epiploicaececumappendixcolon partsperitoneal coveringblood supply large intestinenerve supply large intestinediverticulosis
