Speaker A
Before we begin today's class, we're going to quickly go over what we took in our last class.
Introduction to Madinah Arabic Book 1 Lesson 1 focusing on vocabulary memorization, gender rules, and basic sentence construction.
Key Takeaways
- Memorizing vocabulary and using it in context is essential for learning Arabic.
- 'Haza' is a masculine singular demonstrative pronoun used for nearby objects.
- Arabic nouns have gender and learners must know whether words are masculine or feminine.
- Organizing vocabulary with pronunciation, meaning, gender, plural, and example sentences aids retention.
- Arabic is read and written from right to left, affecting punctuation like the question mark.
Summary
- Review of vocabulary from the previous lesson including common nouns like house, chair, pen, and mosque.
- Emphasis on memorizing vocabulary and using words in the correct context.
- Introduction to the Arabic phrase 'Kayfa taqul?' meaning 'How do you say?' with masculine and feminine forms.
- Explanation of the demonstrative pronoun 'haza' used for masculine, singular, and close objects.
- Guidance on organizing vocabulary notes including word, translation, gender, example sentence, and plural form.
- Discussion of Arabic noun gender (masculine and feminine) and grammatical categories: noun (ismun), verb (fi'lun), particle (harfun).
- Clarification on pronunciation, writing, meaning, gender, plural, and example sentence as key steps in learning new words.
- Encouragement to expand vocabulary beyond the textbook for richer language acquisition.
- Brief mention of Arabic reading and writing direction (right to left) and the orientation of the question mark.
- Plan to share vocabulary notes via Telegram for easier student access.
Full Transcript — Download SRT & Markdown
Speaker A
And this is what we're going to be doing at the start of each lesson.
Speaker A
We're going to quickly review what we've taken in the previous class and the focus is going to be on memorizing the words, and this is the most important part of learning a new language, memorizing vocab and being able to use these vocabs in their right context.
Speaker A
Okay, so I'm going to ask you questions regarding what we took last lesson.
Speaker A
How do you say a house?
Speaker B
Baytun.
Speaker A
Okay, how do you say a chair? How do you say a pen? How do you say a book? How do you say a notebook? How do you say a mosque? How do you say a bed? How do you say key? How do you say a door?
Speaker B
Kursiyun.
Speaker B
Qalamun.
Speaker B
Kitabun.
Speaker B
Daftarun.
Speaker B
Masjidun.
Speaker B
Sarirun.
Speaker B
Miftahun.
Speaker B
Babun.
Speaker A
Tayyib, so this is the words. Okay, now we're going to make sentences.
Speaker A
How do you say this is a door?
Speaker B
Haza babun.
Speaker A
How do you say this is a chair?
Speaker B
Haza kursiyun.
Speaker A
How do you say this is a key?
Speaker B
Haza miftahun.
Speaker A
Okay.
Speaker A
How do you say how do you say in Arabic? How do you say how do you say in Arabic?
Speaker A
I'm going to teach you that now, you need to memorize, yeah.
Speaker A
I'm going to ask you in Arabic from now on.
Speaker A
Kayfa taqul? Kayfa taqul means how do you say?
Speaker A
Okay?
Speaker A
What does Kayfa taqul mean?
Speaker B
How do you say?
Speaker A
That's if I'm talking to a boy, a masculine, a male. If I'm asking a male, I say Kayfa taqul.
Speaker A
If I'm talking to a woman, a girl, a female, I say Kayfa taqulina.
Speaker A
Okay.
Speaker A
So I'm going to stop saying how do you say, how do you say? When I speak to you I'm going to say Kayfa taqul.
Speaker A
What does Kayfa taqul mean?
Speaker B
How do you say?
Speaker A
Okay, let's try.
Speaker A
Kayfa taqul, this is a house?
Speaker B
Haza baytun.
Speaker A
Kayfa taqulina, this is a key?
Speaker B
Haza miftahun.
Speaker A
Kayfa taqulina, this is a door?
Speaker B
Haza babun.
Speaker A
Kayfa taqul, this is a pen?
Speaker B
Haza qalamun.
Speaker A
Kayfa taqulina, this is a mosque?
Speaker B
Haza masjidun.
Speaker A
Very good.
Speaker A
Okay, so haza is when you're pointing something out. The thing you're pointing out has to be masculine, singular, close.
Speaker A
Can I say haza Sumayyah, if I'm talking about Sumayyah, can I say haza Sumayyah, this is Sumayyah?
Speaker B
No.
Speaker A
Why?
Speaker B
You only have to say haza, you think that's masculine.
Speaker A
Yeah, something that's masculine. The object has to be masculine or the person has to be masculine. Sumayyah is a girl, I can't say haza Sumayyah. Tamam.
Speaker A
So this is a very important lesson, yeah.
Speaker A
So we need to know how to use haza.
Speaker A
We know what it means, it's to point things out, it means this in English, but when you use it, you use it for things that are close, things that are masculine and things which are singular, one thing, not more than one.
Speaker A
Okay, this is what I need everyone to do. I need everyone to make space at the back of their notebooks for the new words that they learn during each lesson.
Speaker A
So these are the new words that we took from last lesson.
Speaker A
So there's a section here for al-kalimah. Al-kalimah means the word.
Speaker A
What's the new word that you have taken?
Speaker A
You list it down here.
Speaker A
So I've written it down here.
Speaker A
Al-kalimah, al-kalimah is the new word.
Speaker A
At-tarjamah, at-tarjamah is the translation of this new word.
Speaker A
Al-jins is the gender of this word because we mentioned previously that every noun, and these are going to be nouns, has a gender.
Speaker A
Yeah.
Speaker A
Every noun has a gender.
Speaker A
Misal is an example of this word in a sentence.
Speaker A
Al-jam' is the plural of this word.
Speaker A
What's the plural of this word?
Speaker A
We're not going to fill in every section, inshallah. We're going to come back to the sections that are unfilled and we'll fill it in once we've um studied a bit more.
Speaker A
So there's a section in the book where we study jam', plurals of the words in this book.
Speaker A
So once we study that, we're going to fill in the sections, inshallah. And the ones that are not given, we're going to do them ourselves.
Speaker A
We're going to create example sentences with the new words.
Speaker A
And uh, inshallah we're going to translate them.
Speaker A
So these are the new words that we've taken.
Speaker A
Kalimatun is not a word that was in the book.
Speaker A
It's it's part of the introduction that we took.
Speaker A
The introduction that we took, we said kalimatun is a word.
Speaker A
And words in the Arabic language are divided into three: ismun, ismun, fi'lun, harfun.
Speaker A
So these are the some of the new words that we took in Arabic.
Speaker A
So I wrote them down.
Speaker A
The word kalimatun means a word.
Speaker A
And this noun is feminine.
Speaker A
So I can't say haza kalimatun, I can't say that because this is feminine and haza is used to point out things which are masculine.
Speaker A
So I can't say haza kalimatun, this is a word.
Speaker A
I have to use a different demonstrative pronoun which we're going to use later.
Speaker A
Or we're going to learn later, inshallah.
Speaker A
Ismun is a noun.
Speaker A
Ismun, the this word is masculine.
Speaker A
So F stands for feminine and M stands for masculine.
Speaker A
Fi'lun, then we have fi'lun is a verb.
Speaker A
It's masculine.
Speaker A
Harfun, a particle.
Speaker A
Masculine.
Speaker A
Ad-darsu, the lesson.
Speaker A
Is masculine.
Speaker A
Ad-darsu al-awwalu, the first. Ad-darsu, the lesson, al-awwalu, the first.
Speaker A
Both of them are masculine.
Speaker A
Haza is the ismul-isharah which means this.
Speaker A
It's masculine.
Speaker A
Baytun, a house.
Speaker A
Masjidun, a mosque.
Speaker A
Babun, a door.
Speaker A
Kitabun, a book.
Speaker A
Daftarun was not part of the words mentioned in the lesson.
Speaker A
This was something that we added on.
Speaker A
A notebook.
Speaker A
So we're not just we're not just trying to concentrate on the words that are given in the book. Otherwise, if we just focus on memorizing the words in the book, we're not going to have a rich vocab.
Speaker A
We need to add and pick up as much vocab as we can, whether they're in the book or outside of the book.
Speaker A
Daftarun, a notebook.
Speaker A
And the difference between kitabun and daftarun is obvious.
Speaker A
Notebook is something that you write in, a book is usually something that you read.
Speaker A
Qalamun, a pen.
Speaker A
Miftahun, a key.
Speaker A
Maktabun, a desk.
Speaker A
Sarirun, a bed.
Speaker A
Kursiyun, a chair.
Speaker A
So these are the words.
Speaker A
Once you get into the system of being able to organize it like this, you don't really need to put in lines.
Speaker A
You can do it like this.
Speaker A
So this is a continuation of some of the words that we took.
Speaker A
Mufradun means singular.
Speaker A
Muthanna, dual.
Speaker A
Jam'un, plural.
Speaker A
Muzakkarun, masculine.
Speaker A
Mu'annathun, feminine.
Speaker A
Jinsun, gender.
Speaker A
Adadun, number.
Speaker A
Qaribun, close/near.
Speaker A
Al-isharah, sign/indication/pointing. So the last word has F next to it.
Speaker A
F indicates that it's feminine.
Speaker A
Al-isharah is feminine and everything else, except for mu'annath is feminine and everything else is masculine.
Speaker A
So you could do it like this without having to draw lines.
Speaker A
Tayyib. So the point is,
Speaker A
firstly, when you come across a new word, the first thing you need to do is be able to pronounce it.
Speaker A
What's the first thing that you need to be able to do?
Speaker B
Pronounce the word clearly and correctly.
Speaker A
Because if you pronounce it incorrectly, it's going to affect the way you write it, it's going to affect uh everything else.
Speaker A
So the first step is pronouncing the word correctly.
Speaker A
After that, being able to write the word correctly.
Speaker A
After that, memorizing the meaning.
Speaker A
Yeah, as well as the word, memorizing the word as well as its meaning.
Speaker A
Knowing its gender.
Speaker A
The example sentence and the jam' will come after afterwards.
Speaker A
So in total there's six things. Being able to pronounce the word correctly, being able to write the word correctly,
Speaker A
knowing its meaning, its gender, its plural and And sixthly, an example sentence using that word.
Speaker A
This is something that a person learning the Arabic language should have a section in his notebook for.
Speaker A
And he should apply these six things with every new word that he comes across.
Speaker A
Tamam.
Speaker A
So these are the new words, inshallah.
Speaker A
I'll take a picture and I'll post it in the Telegram group so that it's easier for everyone to copy, inshallah.
Speaker A
Tayyib, so we're going to start today's class.
Speaker A
Okay, in today's class we're going to be learning how to ask questions.
Speaker A
How to ask questions.
Speaker A
And as you have already learned in our previous course, the basics of Arabic reading and writing,
Speaker A
we read from right to left.
Speaker A
And we also write from right to left.
Speaker A
Yeah, in Arabic we read and write from right to left.
Speaker A
So this is why the question mark is facing this way.
Speaker A
Yeah, the question mark is facing this way.
Speaker A
Haza we already know.
Speaker A
What does haza mean?
Speaker A
This.
Speaker A
Okay.
Speaker A
So now it's turned into a question by the addition with the addition of ma.
Speaker A
What does ma mean?
Speaker A
Means what?
Speaker B
What?
Speaker A
What does ma mean?
Speaker B
What?
Speaker A
What does ma mean? What? So ma haza means what is this?
Speaker B
What is this?
Speaker A
What does ma haza mean? What is this?
Speaker A
Tayyib. Ma haza means what is this?
Speaker A
Okay, repeat after me, yeah.
Speaker A
We're going to say it five times.
Speaker A
Ma haza.
Speaker A
What does that mean?
Speaker B
What is this?
Speaker A
What is this? What is this?
Speaker A
Okay, next line. We look at the picture. The picture shows us a house.
Speaker A
So the answer is to this question, what is this? Haza baytun.
Speaker B
Haza baytun.
Speaker A
We already know how to say haza baytun, right?
Speaker A
So we don't need to repeat it five times.
Speaker A
What does haza baytun mean?
Speaker B
This is a house.
Speaker A
Very good.
Speaker A
Okay, another way of asking a question, and if you look at this line and the line above it,
Speaker A
the only difference is the hamza, the addition of this hamza at the start
Speaker A
has turned this statement into a question.
Speaker A
So we can turn statements into questions by adding a hamza at the beginning.
Speaker A
So this is another tool which is used to ask questions.
Speaker A
So so far we've learned ma, what,
Speaker A
and hamza.
Speaker A
Hamza is translated according to the sentence.
Speaker A
So a haza baytun, is this a house?
Speaker A
A ha'ula'i muslimun, are these people Muslims?
Speaker A
So it doesn't have like a direct translation, it's translated according to the sentence, yeah.
Speaker A
It can mean is or are and so on.
Speaker A
A haza baytun.
Speaker A
What does that mean?
Speaker B
Is this a house?
Speaker A
What does that mean? Is this a house?
Speaker A
Okay, what's the difference between haza baytun and a haza baytun?
Speaker A
What's the difference?
Speaker A
One is a statement and the other one is a question.
Speaker A
One you're telling someone, haza baytun, this is a house.
Speaker A
The other one you're asking them, a haza baytun.
Speaker A
What made it turn into a question? The hamza.
Speaker A
The hamza at the beginning turned the statement into a question.
Speaker A
Okay, let me give you another example.
Speaker A
I'll say to you, Ana Muhammad.
Speaker A
What does Ana Muhammad mean?
Speaker A
I am Muhammad.
Speaker A
That's a statement now.
Speaker A
I'm telling you I am Muhammad.
Speaker A
I want to turn this statement into a question.
Speaker A
What do I need to do?
Speaker A
Bring hamza at the beginning.
Speaker A
So I say, a Ana Muhammad.
Speaker A
What does a Ana Muhammad mean?
Speaker A
Am I Muhammad? Am I Muhammad?
Speaker A
I'm asking now.
Speaker A
Okay.
Speaker A
A Ana Muhammad. Am I Muhammad?
Speaker A
Tayyib. So we've learned two tools to ask questions. What is ma, and is or are and so on is hamza.
Speaker A
Okay.
Speaker A
Now look at the answer.
Speaker A
When we asked the question with ma haza, we answer directly.
Speaker A
Ma haza, what is this? We say, what it is. Haza baytun.
Speaker A
If this was a masjid, we say, ma haza, haza masjidun, and so on.
Speaker A
So if you ask the question, if you ask a question with ma, you answer directly.
Speaker A
But if you answer a question, if you if you ask a question with hamza, if you ask a question with hamza, because the person who's asking a question with hamza, he has an idea what it is, but he wants you to confirm.
Speaker A
He wants you to confirm that what he thinks in his mind is right or not.
Speaker A
So this is why you need to answer with na'am. You either answer with na'am to confirm what this person thinks it is.
Speaker A
So here he's saying, a haza baytun, is this a house?
Speaker A
He thinks it's a house.
Speaker A
If it is a house, you confirm by saying na'am.
Speaker A
What does na'am mean?
Speaker B
Yes.
Speaker A
What does na'am mean?
Speaker B
Yes.
Speaker A
Okay, what if what he is saying is wrong and it's not what he thinks it is?
Speaker A
You say la.
Speaker B
No.
Speaker A
La, which is here at the bottom.
Speaker A
You say la.
Speaker A
So when you answer a question that is uh built up with the hamza that starts with a hamza, a haza baytun,
Speaker A
you always have to start with na'am or la.
Speaker A
What does na'am mean?
Speaker B
Yes.
Speaker A
What does la mean?
Speaker B
No.
Speaker A
What does na'am mean?
Speaker B
Yes.
Speaker A
What does la mean?
Speaker B
No.
Speaker A
When do you use na'am and la?
Speaker A
When you ask a question with hamza.
Speaker A
A haza baytun? A Ana Muhammad?
Speaker A
Na'am or la. Na'am or la.
Speaker A
Okay. But if you ask a question with ma, do you need to bring na'am or la?
Speaker B
No.
Speaker A
No, okay.
Speaker A
Next one. Ma haza.
Speaker A
Repeat.
Speaker B
Ma haza.
Speaker A
Ma haza.
Speaker B
Ma haza.
Speaker A
What does ma haza mean?
Speaker B
What is this?
Speaker A
Yes, what is this? Very good.
Speaker A
We already said it five times here, so we don't need to repeat it five times again.
Speaker A
Ma haza means what is this?
Speaker B
What is this?
Speaker A
What does ma mean?
Speaker B
What?
Speaker A
Okay.
Speaker A
Next one. Or the answer to ma haza, do we need to say na'am or la?
Speaker B
No.
Speaker A
No, we don't need to say na'am or la.
Speaker A
When do we say na'am or la?
Speaker A
If we ask the question with a hamza.
Speaker A
Okay?
Speaker A
Here we don't need to say na'am or la, because the person doesn't know what it is.
Speaker A
Whereas this person who asked with the hamza, he has an idea what it is.
Speaker A
He just wants you to confirm or negate.
Speaker A
Okay, here he doesn't have a clue what it is.
Speaker A
That's why he's asking.
Speaker A
What is this?
Speaker A
This is a new word now.
Speaker A
Haza qamisun.
Speaker B
Qamis.
Speaker A
Tamam.
Speaker A
Next question. A haza sarirun? Is this a bed?
Speaker A
Is this a bed?
Speaker B
No.
Speaker A
No, it's not a bed.
Speaker A
What is this?
Speaker A
Haza kursiyun.
Speaker A
Tayyib.
Speaker A
Next question. A haza miftahun? Is this a key?
Speaker B
No.
Speaker A
La. This is not a key.
Speaker A
What is this?
Speaker A
Ma haza?
Speaker A
Haza qalamun.
Speaker A
This is a pen.
Speaker A
And the last question on the on the page. Ma haza?
Speaker B
What is this?
Speaker A
Very good.
Speaker A
What does ma haza mean?
Speaker B
What is this?
Speaker A
The answer, haza najmun.
Speaker A
Haza najmun.
Speaker A
Najmun is a star.
Speaker A
What's najmun?
Speaker B
Star.
Speaker A
So this is a new word.
Speaker A
Let's say it five times.
Speaker A
Haza najmun.
Speaker A
What's najmun mean?
Speaker B
Star.
Speaker A
Najmun, okay, not majmun.
Speaker A
Najmun.
Speaker A
What's najmun?
Speaker B
Star.
Speaker A
Star, very good.
Speaker A
So let me read this page one more time quickly. Ma haza, what is this?
Speaker A
Ma haza, what is this? Haza baytun, this is a house.
Speaker A
A haza baytun, is this a house? Na'am, haza baytun, yes, this is a house.
Speaker A
Ma haza, what is this? Haza qamisun, this is a shirt.
Speaker A
A haza sarirun, is this a bed? La, haza kursiyun, no, this is a chair.
Speaker A
A haza miftahun, is this a key? La, haza qalamun, no, this is a pen.
Speaker A
Ma haza, what is this? Haza najmun, this is a star.
Speaker A
Let's move on to the next page. On the next page it says, tamrinun.
Speaker A
This is a ta on top and it says mim ra ya nun, tamrinun.
Speaker A
Tamrinun means exercise.
Speaker A
What does tamrinun mean?
Speaker B
Exercise.
Speaker A
So this is the first exercise in this lesson.
Speaker A
In this lesson.
Speaker A
Okay, so this is homework.
Speaker A
Exercise, the exercise is asking the questions, ma haza, ma haza, ma haza, ma haza, ma haza, ma haza, ma haza.
Speaker A
What does ma haza mean?
Speaker B
What is this?
Speaker A
So the person who's asking this question doesn't know what it is.
Speaker A
So you need to answer what it is.
Speaker A
So you'd say, for example, haza, and then you look at the picture.
Speaker A
The picture here is a key.
Speaker A
So miftahun.
Speaker A
So you write, haza miftahun.
Speaker A
Haza miftahun, you need to write that down.
Speaker A
And then you look at the pictures and then you answer all of the questions according to the pictures that are on the on the page.
Speaker A
This is the first exercise and this is going to be homework.
Speaker A
Okay?
Speaker A
This is going to be homework.
Speaker A
Tamrin number one is homework.
Speaker A
Then we have another homework.
Speaker A
The second homework is tamrin number two.
Speaker A
Tamrin number two.
Speaker A
Tamrin number two is also asking questions.
Speaker A
The difference between the first tamrin and the second tamrin is that the questions here have been asked using hamza.
Speaker A
Using hamza, hamza, hamza.
Speaker A
A haza najmun.
Speaker A
So in this case, the person has an idea what it is.
Speaker A
He wants you to confirm or negate if what he thinks it is is right or wrong.
Speaker A
Whereas in the first one, ma haza, he has no clue.
Speaker A
A haza baytun, is this a house?
Speaker A
A haza miftahun, is this a key?
Speaker A
A haza qamisun, is this a shirt?
Speaker A
A haza najmun, is this a star?
Speaker A
You look at the picture and as we mentioned, you need to either affirm or negate.
Speaker A
How do you affirm?
Speaker A
You say na'am.
Speaker A
How do you negate?
Speaker A
How do you say no?
Speaker A
La.
Speaker A
So you look at the picture, for example, this one.
Speaker A
A haza baytun, is this a house?
Speaker A
La, haza masjidun.
Speaker A
Haza masjidun.
Speaker A
And you answer all of those questions.
Speaker A
And the final piece of homework, tamrin number three.
Speaker A
Tamrin number three.
Speaker A
It says, iqra wa uktub.
Speaker A
This is going to come a lot of times in this book.
Speaker A
Iqra.
Speaker A
What does iqra mean?
Speaker A
Read.
Speaker A
Iqra is a verb, it's a fi'lun.
Speaker A
Iqra is a fi'lun.
Speaker A
Then we have wa. This wa joins the two words together.
Speaker A
Wa, this wa, wa means and.
Speaker A
So read and uktub.
Speaker A
What's uktub?
Speaker A
Write.
Speaker A
Uktub means write.
Speaker A
But when we read the hamzatul-wasl in the in the middle, we skip it. So we're going to join the waw to the kaf.
Speaker A
We say wa uktub.
Speaker A
Iqra wa uktub.
Speaker A
Iqra wa uktub means read and write.
Speaker A
So the exercise here, read and write, wants to know whether you are able to pronounce this correctly
Speaker A
and you are able to write it correctly by putting the correct markings, the tashkil, the markers.
Speaker A
So you find that in this book, when the author brings a new word, he brings it with tashkil.
Speaker A
Tashkil is basically this.
Speaker A
So if you look at the qamisun, the qaf has a fatha, mim has a kasra, the ya has a sukun, sad is dammatayn.
Speaker A
This is tashkil.
Speaker A
When the new word comes, it comes with tashkil, so to help you uh read it correctly.
Speaker A
Then as you go on through the book, when this word comes again, it comes without tashkil, because the author expects you to know that the qaf should have a fatha,
Speaker A
the mim should have a kasra, the ya is going to be sakin.
Speaker A
Same for miftahun.
Speaker A
It's never going to change.
Speaker A
So once you memorize this word, you've memorized it, that's it.
Speaker A
The tashkil is done.
Speaker A
Only thing that's going to change is the last harakah on the last letter.
Speaker A
Tayyib. So this exercise, iqra wa uktub, throughout this book, that's what it tests you.
Speaker A
The fact that you've memorized this word, and the fact that you're able to put place the tashkil correctly.
Speaker A
So this is the third exercise. You need to write these words out, or these sentences out in your book and place the tashkil.
Speaker A
I'm not going to read them because if I read them, I've given you the homework for this one.
Speaker A
So this one is the third and final homework, the third and final homework.
Speaker A
So we stop here, inshallah.
Speaker A
And if there is any new words, the new words, you should be able to identify which words we've taken in this lesson which are new,
Speaker A
that we did not take previously, and then you put it in your list on your notebook.
Speaker A
The list that we said you have to create, you do the same thing with the new words in this lesson.
Speaker A
And inshallah, next lesson we're going to start by going through these three pieces of homework before going on to the next part and continuing with the new lesson.
Speaker A
Subhanakallahumma wa bihamdika, ashhadu an la ilaha illa anta, astaghfiruka wa atubu ilayk.
Topics:Madinah ArabicArabic vocabularyArabic grammarArabic genderArabic demonstrativesArabic language learningArabic pronunciationArabic sentence constructionArabic reading directionArabic lesson
