Madinah Arabic course | Book 1 – LESSON 3 (part 2) — Transcript

Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. Alhamdulillahi hamdan kathiran tayyiban mubarakan fihi kama yuhibbuna wa yardah. Last lesson we began Ad-Darsu Ath-Thalith, the third lesson, and the third lesson is split into two parts.

So we covered the first part and we had four pieces of homework, so we're going to begin by doing those four pieces of homework now, At-Tamarin, the exercises, and then inshallah we're going to cover the second part of Ad-Darsu Ath-Thalith. The first exercise, Iqra' wa Uktub ma' Dabti Awakhir Al-Kalimat, testing our reading skills with the addition of the rule that we took when Al is added to the noun, then it affects the ending by taking away tanwin. So the first word,

Masjidun. Masjidun, no alif lam, so Masjidun. And when alif lam is added, Al-Masjidu.

So Masjidun, a masjid, Al-Masjidu, the masjid, it becomes specific, definite, definite, indefinite. Okay, Al-Ma'u, Ma'un, Al-Baytu.

Al-Baytu.

Babun, Qalamun, Al-Qalamu, Al-Kalbu.

Al-Kalbu, Kalbun, Qamisun.

Qamisun, Waladun, Al-Hajaru.

Al-Hajaru, Al-Waladu, Himarun.

Al-Himarun, Al-Hisanu, Hisanun.

So Masjidun, a masjid, Al-Masjidu, the masjid, Al-Ma'u, the water, Ma'un, water, Al-Baytu, the house, Babun, a door, Qalamun, a pen, Al-Qalamu, the pen, Al-Kalbu, the dog, Kalbun, a dog, Qamisun, a shirt, Waladun, a boy, Al-Hajaru, the rock, Al-Waladu, the boy, Himarun, a donkey, Al-Himarun, the donkey, Al-Hisanu, the horse, Hisanun, a horse. This was exercise number one.

Exercise number two is Iqra' wa Uktub. So the first one says Al-Maktabu, Al-Maktabu, Maksurun. Al-Maktabu Maksurun. This means the desk is broken.

This is number one. Tayyib, number two. Number two says Al-Mudarrisu, Jadidun. Al-Mudarrisu Jadidun. The teacher is new.

Number three. Al-Qamisu, Wasikhun. Al-Qamisu Wasikhun. The shirt is dirty.

Number four. Al-Labanu, Baridun. Al-Labanu Baridun. The milk is cold. The milk or the yogurt is cold.

Number five. Al-Masjidu, Maftuhun. Al-Masjidu Maftuhun. The masjid, the mosque is open. Number six. Al-Hajaru, Kabirun.

Al-Hajaru Kabirun. The rock is big. Number seven. Al-Labanu, Baridun. So we already took this here. Al-Labanu Baridun, the milk is cold, wal-Ma'u, Harrun. Wal-Ma'u Harrun.

Wal-Ma'u Harrun. Number eight. Al-Imamu, Jalisun. Al-Imamu Jalisun, wal-Mudarrisu, Waqifun. Wal-Mudarrisu Waqifun. Al-Imamu Jalisun, the Imam is sitting, wal-Mudarrisu, and the teacher is standing.

Number nine. Al-Qamaru, Ba'idun. Al-Qamaru Ba'idun, the moon is far, far away.

Number ten. Al-Mindilu, Nazifun. Al-Mindilu Nazifun. The handkerchief is clean. This was exercise number two.

Exercise number three now. Exercise number three says, Imla' Al-Faragha fima yali bi wadi' Al-Kalimah Al-Munasibah min Al-Kalimat At-Taliyah. We need to fill in the gap by placing the most appropriate word.

Okay. Number one. Al-Hajaru. Al-Hajaru, the most appropriate word to complete the sentence would be Thaqilun. Al-Hajaru Thaqilun. Number two.

Number two. Al-Babu, Maftuhun. Al-Babu Maftuhun. Al-Hajaru Thaqilun, the rock is heavy, Al-Babu Maftuhun, the door is open.

Number three. Al-Qamaru, Jamilun. Al-Qamaru Jamilun, the moon is beautiful. Number four. Al-Waraqu. Al-Waraqu, the paper or the leaf, Al-Waraqu Khafifun, is light, light in weight.

Then we have Al-Mindilu, the handkerchief, Al-Mindilu Wasikhun, is dirty. Then we have number six. Al-Labanu, Harrun. Harrun, the yogurt or the milk is hot.

This is exercise number three. One more exercise. To do. And it's the opposite. Imla' Al-Faragha fima yali bi wadi' Kalimah Munasibah. We need to fill in the gap by putting the most appropriate word. However, this time they've given us the second word, they want us to fill in the first word so that the sentence is complete. Okay. Number one. Nazifun. What goes with Nazifun? Something that is Nazifun, clean. I could say, um, Al-Qamisu, the shirt is clean. Al-Qamisu Nazifun.

Number two. Something that goes with Maksurun, something is broken. I could say Al-Qalamu. We've taken the sentence already. Al-Qalamu, the pen is broken. Al-Qalamu Maksurun. Number three. Is Baridun, something is Baridun, cold. I could say Al-Ma'u, the water is Baridun, is cold. Number four. Something is near, Qaribun. I could say Al-Masjidu, the masjid is close by, it's near.

Okay. Number five. Says something is far. Al-Baytu. I could use Al-Baytu, Ba'idun. Al-Baytu Ba'idun. The house is far.

Number six. Waqifun. Something is standing or someone is standing. I could say the horse. Let's say the horse. Al-Hisanu, Waqifun. The horse is standing.

Number seven. Something is sitting or someone is sitting. Jalisun. I could say the boy. Al-Waladu, Jalisun.

Number eight. Something is big. Um, I could say the rock. Al-Hajaru, Kabirun. Al-Hajaru Kabirun. The rock is big.

Number nine. Something is old. Qadimun. Maybe the book. Al-Kitabu, Qadimun. The book is old.

Number ten. Something is new. Jadidun. I could say the door. Al-Babu, Jadidun. Al-Babu Jadidun. So four pieces of homework, all of which related to part one of lesson three.

Okay, so in today's class, we said we're going to take part two of lesson three, the second part of lesson three. Part one we covered last lesson, and that starts here, all the way through till here. And part two is going to start from here and end where this lesson ends, over here. So this is what we're going to cover in today's class.

The theory for part two starts here. This is what we're going to be learning. This is the homework. So once we've learned this, we're going to set this as homework. This is going to be homework number one, homework number two, homework number three.

So three pieces of homework. Inshallah, we're going to explain that once we're done with today's theory. Okay. In today's class, the author, he wants to teach us Al-Hurufu Al-Qamariyah wal-Hurufu Ash-Shamsiyah. Al-Hurufu, letters, is the plural of Harfun. Harfun is singular, Al-Hurufu is the plural, the letters. Al-Qamariyah, Qamar. Qamar means the moon. Wal-Hurufu, letters, Shams. Shams means sun. Ash-Shamsiyah. So Al-Hurufu Al-Qamariyah, the lunar letters or the moon letters, and Al-Hurufu Ash-Shamsiyah, the sun letters or the solar letters. This is what we're going to be learning, inshallah.

Okay. The letters in the Arabic alphabet, in total, there are 29 letters.

There are 29 letters in the Arabic alphabet. Alif, ba, ta, all the way till ya. And all of these 29 letters, it's possible for them to come at the beginning of words. So all of the words, they start with these 29 letters, except for alif, the first letter in the alphabet. Alif, this letter, there's no word which starts with alif. And the reason for that is because this alif is vowelless, it's sakin. And it's not possible to begin any Arabic word or to pronounce any Arabic word with a vowelless letter, it's not possible.

For this reason, there's no, there's no word which starts with alif, because it is sakin. So if we minus this one from the 29, we're left with 28 letters. So there are 28 possibilities for words in the Arabic language to begin with, 28 possibilities.

Yani, one of these 28 letters, you have words beginning with them. These 28 letters now are equally divided into two. 28 divided by 2 equals 14. So we have 14 letters on this side and 14 letters on this side. Okay. The 14 letters on this side, we're going to name them Al-Hurufu Ash-Shamsiyah. Al-Hurufu Ash-Shamsiyah. And the 14 letters on this side, we're going to call them Al-Hurufu Al-Qamariyah. So we have 14 Hurufu Shamsiyah and 14 Hurufu Qamariyah.

Okay. We said there are 14 and there are 14. To know the letters that come on this side and to know the letters that come on this side, the easiest method is to memorize one, and whatever falls into that category, then we know that it's from that category. And whatever is not from that category, then we know it is from the other category. And the easiest way, and the easiest way, I believe, is to memorize the letters that are from this category. The Hurufu Shamsiyah, it's easier to memorize the Hurufu Shamsiyah than to memorize the Hurufu Qamariyah. And the reason for that is because we have Dal, Dhal, Ra, Za, Sin, Shin, Sad, Dad, Ta, Dha, 10 of them coming one after the other.

All you have to memorize is Ta, Tha, and Lam, Nun. Okay. So Ta, At-Tajiru, the merchant. Tha, Ath-Thawbu, a piece of cloth or garment. Dal, Ad-Diku, the rooster. Dhal, Adh-Dhahabu, gold, the gold. Ra, Ar-Rajulu, the man. Za, Az-Zahratu, Zahra is a flower. Sin, As-Samaku, the fish. Shin, Ash-Shamsu, the sun. Sad, As-Sadru, Sadr is the chest, the chest. Dad, Ad-Dayfu, Dayf is a guest. Ta, At-Talibu, Talib is the student. Dha, Adh-Dhuhru, Dhuhr is the opposite of Sadr. So this is the back and this is the chest. Lam, Al-Lahmu, Lahm is meat. Nun, An-Najmu, the star. Hurufu Qamariyah, Hurufu Shamsiyah.

Okay. I would suggest that once this is understood, that you begin with this homework. Do this first, this homework first. Iqra' Al-Kalimat Al-Atiyah wa Uktubha Muraiyan Qawa'id Nutq Al-Huruf Al-Qamariyah wa Ash-Shamsiyah. Iqra' Al-Kalimat, read the words, these words. Al-Atiyah, read the words following, the following words. Wa Uktubha, and write them. Muraiyan, while paying attention to Qawa'id, the principles, Nutq Al-Huruf Al-Qamariyah wa Ash-Shamsiyah, the principles concerning how the Hurufu Al-Qamariyah and Hurufu Ash-Shamsiyah are to be pronounced.

So, are you going to say Ab-Baytu or Al-Baytu? Are you going to read the lam clearly or are you going to place a shaddah on the letter after the lam and say Ab-Baytu? Ab-Baytu is Shamsiyah, Al-Baytu is Qamariyah. Which one is it? Remember, we memorized Ta, Tha, and Dal, Dhal, Ra, Za, Sin, Shin, Sad, Dad, Ta, Dha, up to Dha, and then Lam, Nun. So those are the Hurufu Ash-Shamsiyah. Are they part of the Hurufu Ash-Shamsiyah? Ba is not from the Hurufu Ash-Shamsiyah, it's from the Hurufu Al-Qamariyah.

That means the lam has to be pronounced clearly with a sukun. So we say Al-Baytu. And this exercise, differentiating between the Hurufu Al-Qamariyah and Hurufu Ash-Shamsiyah, is going to be very easy for people who recite the Quran much. Those who recite the Quran a lot, it's going to help them in many ways when they learn the Arabic language. So I advise everyone to try and memorize as much Quran and read as much Quran as possible.

So this is the first homework.

Homework number two is here.

We need to read these words.

This is homework number two.

Then we have Tamarin, exercises.

This is homework number three, this is homework number four.

Homework number three says, Iqra' wa Uktub ma' Dabti Awakhir Al-Kalimat.

Read and write with correct vocalization of the last endings of the words.

So the same thing, it's testing you whether you are able to identify the words that end with tanwin from the words that do not end with tanwin.

So Al, whether it's Qamariyah or Shamsiyah, it does the same job in terms of taking away the tanwin.

Tayyib. Then here, Imla' Al-Faragha fima yali bi wadi' Kalimah Munasibah.

You need to bring a suitable word to complete the sentence.

And the final piece of homework is Ikhtar.

Ikhtar is choose. Kalimah, a word. Choose a word min Al-Qaimah, Qaimah is list.

Ba, the list which is named Ba, this list, which is appropriate or suitable or matching to the word that is in the list Hamza.

Labeled Hamza.

Choose a word in the list labeled Ba, which matches or is suitable to the word in the list labeled Hamza.

So At-Talibu, for example.

At-Talibu, I would say Maridun.

Maridun means sick.

Al-Kalimat Al-Jadidah, the new words.

Hulwun, means sweet.

Something tasting sweet, Hulwun.

Maridun, means sick.

Ad-Dukkanu is a grocery shop, shop.

Ghaniyun, rich.

Ghaniyun, rich.

Tawilun, means tall.

Tawilun, tall.

Faqirun is the opposite of Ghaniyun.

Ghaniyun means rich, then Faqirun means poor.

Qasirun is the opposite of Tawilun.

If Tawilun means tall, then Qasirun means short.

At-Tuffahu, apple.

Or the apple.

So these eight are new words for part two of lesson three.

We stop here, inshallah, and hopefully, I hope everyone does their homework.

You have enough time, inshallah, to do the homework.

And you will see, inshallah, when we do the next lesson, once we do the homework, you'll see that it takes around 15 minutes or less.

So 15 minutes over three or four days that we have is not much.

It's not much.

We need to try and memorize the words and do the homework, inshallah.