Speaker A
The following documentary was produced by the Department of National Defense in cooperation with our sponsors.
Documentary on the heroic defense of Bataan and Corregidor by Filipino and American forces during WWII, highlighting sacrifice and patriotism.
Key Takeaways
- Filipino and American forces fought bravely despite overwhelming odds and limited resources.
- The myth of American invincibility contributed to initial underestimation of the Japanese threat.
- The defense of the Philippines was a pivotal moment of unity and sacrifice in Filipino history.
- War revealed the harsh realities and transformed the lives of many young Filipinos.
- The legacy of these defenders continues to inspire patriotism and remembrance.
Summary
- Produced by the Philippine Department of National Defense to honor Filipino war veterans.
- Narrated by Joel Torre, the documentary recounts the defense of Bataan and Corregidor during WWII.
- Highlights the transformation of young Filipinos from carefree youths to wartime heroes.
- Describes the false sense of security due to American military propaganda before the war.
- Details the buildup to war, including Japanese aggression and US embargoes.
- Covers the surprise Japanese attacks on US and Philippine bases starting December 8, 1941.
- Shows the challenges faced by poorly equipped Filipino and American troops.
- Focuses on the courage and sacrifice of ordinary soldiers and volunteers.
- Explains the implementation of War Plan Orange after Japanese beachheads were established.
- Emphasizes the legacy of patriotism and duty left by the defenders of Bataan and Corregidor.
Full Transcript — Download SRT & Markdown
Speaker A
And in line with its mandate to promote the welfare and to preserve the legacy of Filipino war veterans.
Speaker A
It tells the story of thousands of heroic young men who braved incredible odds in Bataan and Corregidor to defend their motherland.
Speaker A
It brings us to a proud moment in our history when Filipinos from all walks of life closed ranks in the spirit of sacrifice and patriotism to fight a common enemy.
Speaker A
May their story inspire us all.
Speaker B
In 1941, just before World War II became a traumatic reality on our soil, young Filipinos were having the time of their lives.
Speaker B
After all, the Philippines then was a colony of the mighty United States of America.
Speaker B
And it seemed like there was nothing to worry about.
Speaker B
Little did these young Filipinos know that they would soon be called to defend their country.
Speaker B
Virtually overnight, they would change from carefree boys to full-grown men the size of heroes.
Speaker B
I'm Joel Torre.
Speaker B
Join me in the next hour as we listen to their story.
Speaker B
The story of the defenders of Bataan and Corregidor and the legacy they left you and me.
Speaker B
Their story recounts a fight against hopeless odds.
Speaker B
A saga of courage, of sacrifice, of duty to country.
Speaker C
I'm a Filipino. Our enemy came.
Speaker C
Naturally, we had to defend our nation.
Speaker D
With or without the American help, we would have done it anyway.
Speaker E
Somehow, we didn't quite realize how a war would be.
Speaker F
Personally, I thought it was a picnic.
Speaker G
We felt that we will die.
Speaker H
We had no idea that we were going to get no reinforcements.
Speaker I
If we did not receive any order, we would not have surrendered.
Speaker J
We were going to fight till the end like the Alamo.
Speaker K
Why were we doing it?
Speaker K
Who for?
Speaker K
What for?
Speaker K
What for?
Speaker L
The Filipinos did most of the fighting and most of the dying.
Speaker M
If you truly love your country, you will surely remember.
Speaker B
1941 marked the end of a nostalgic period called peacetime.
Speaker B
After five years of the Philippine Commonwealth under American tutelage.
Speaker B
Life in the islands rolled along blissfully.
Speaker B
With institutions, infrastructure and industries taking root.
Speaker B
And the promise of independence just five years away.
Speaker B
The atmosphere seemed full of gaiety and hope.
Speaker N
They were the best years of my life, I would say.
Speaker N
In UP there were a lot beautiful girls.
Speaker O
I was helping my parents vend food for breakfast.
Speaker P
At Arellano High School, tuition was four pesos a year.
Speaker Q
The government is very efficient.
Speaker Q
There is no graft and corruption.
Speaker R
I used to go with my grandmother to hear mass in Intramuros in the morning.
Speaker R
And I used to stay for a while to watch these soldiers in the 31st Infantry drilling.
Speaker S
They call them the "thirsty" first (Infantry) because if they did anything, they drink a lot of beer and Ginebra gin, and a whole bit.
Speaker S
One of the reasons why so many people wanted to be assigned to the Philippines is because it was considered good living for a soldier.
Speaker S
And remained that way until spring of 1941, but began to heat-up when we knew that this was no longer a pleasure cruise and there's something very serious.
Speaker T
Yes, we knew that war was coming, but we were so sure that it would only last for a couple of days.
Speaker T
Principally due to the propaganda by the Americans through their movies.
Speaker U
What can Japan do against Americans?
Speaker U
That was the thing that we were thinking of.
Speaker B
But elsewhere in the world, war clouds gathered as the European colonial powers and the United States braced to stand the march of fascism across their territories.
Speaker B
After the US opposed Japan's invasion of China, it became clear that the two military powers were on a collision course.
Speaker B
At some point, the Japanese would consider hitting US bases around the world, making the Philippines an obvious target.
Speaker B
Despite the danger, many believed that Japan would not dare challenge the might of the United States.
Speaker B
The myth of American invincibility gave Filipinos a false sense of security.
Speaker T
Yes, we knew that war was coming, but we were so sure that it would only last for a couple of days.
Speaker T
Principally due to the propaganda by the Americans through their movies.
Speaker U
What can Japan do against Americans?
Speaker U
That was the thing that we were thinking of.
Speaker B
Nevertheless, the Philippine Commonwealth prepared its own defense plans.
Speaker B
Under the direction of its military adviser, General Douglas MacArthur.
Speaker B
Young men were periodically called for training.
Speaker B
In college, there was the ROTC.
Speaker B
But with scarce and obsolete weaponry, these drills were more like a right of passage.
Speaker B
In a venue for benign interschool competition.
Speaker T
During maneuvers, we used firecrackers to simulate firing.
Speaker T
And for artillery, we used the bamboo cannon.
Speaker B
In July 1941, Japan took over Southern French Indochina.
Speaker B
The US responded sharply, freezing Japanese assets and embargoing all oil to Japan.
Speaker B
General MacArthur was placed in command of the USAFFE.
Speaker B
The US Army Forces in the Far East.
Speaker B
Reserve officers and men were called to duty and last minute training commenced.
Speaker B
Even as equipment and weapons awaited shipment to the Philippines.
Speaker W
It was, you might say, the fad at the time: to be seen, to be counted.
Speaker B
On December 8, 1941, Philippine time, Japan launched a surprise attack on the big US Naval Base at Pearl Harbor.
Speaker B
Within six hours, Japanese bombs hit Baguio and Davao without warning.
Speaker B
The US and the Philippines have been dragged into the World War.
Speaker O
Immediately after the mass, we were issued steel helmets and real war gear.
Speaker U
The Cadet Corps cheered because to us we thought, no more academics, no more school.
Speaker X
The Cadet Officers of the Cadet Corps were assigned to the 1st Regular Division and most of us were assigned as Commanding Officers of Frontline Infantry Companies.
Speaker B
Thousands of volunteers from all walks of life, many without any military training, rushed to enlist to defend their motherland.
Speaker B
Some had to be sent home for lack of weapons.
Speaker Y
We felt then, that it is a duty to do for the country.
Speaker Z
I told myself, I was very young then, "Oh! This is a good experience."
Speaker B
As volunteers filled the recruiting stations, those already in uniform built defensive positions in selected beaches where the Japanese might land.
Speaker B
There, MacArthur planned to stop the enemy, the beaches would be the frontlines.
Speaker B
From the first day of the war, the Fil-American defenders were at a disadvantage.
Speaker B
Most of the planes of the USAFFE had been demolished by a surprise attack on Clark and Iba fields.
Speaker AA
Buildings on Fort Stotsenberg were blown up. It was awful and then about 10 minutes later came the Japanese zeroes, strafing, firing and bombing.
Speaker AA
It was a catastrophe!
Speaker B
Two days after the first wave of attack, Japanese planes destroyed the US Navy Base at Cavite.
Speaker B
Filipino and American pilots, flying outmoded aircraft, heroically tried to challenge the swift and lethal Japanese air force.
Speaker B
Among the most courageous was Captain Jesus Villamor, whose daring exploits earned him a Distinguished Service Cross.
Speaker B
With the Japanese in control of the air and sea, the defense of the Philippines would fall on the shoulders of ordinary foot soldiers, many of whom had no idea of what war was really like.
Speaker T
We were singing the "Hail, Ateneo, Hail! On to the Fray" as if we were going to a basketball game.
Speaker AB
Many do not even have arms. In the beginning, they didn't have uniforms, many didn't have anything but tennis shoes.
Speaker R
We have at that time, this Enfield rifle, the model 1917.
Speaker B
Battle tested and armed with more efficient weapons, the Japanese landed in Aparri, Vigan, and Legaspi to seize airfields before arriving en masse in Lingayen Gulf on December 22.
Speaker B
Few of these landings were seriously challenged because MacArthur initially thought that they were purely diversionary.
Speaker AA
They had anti-tank guns. They had flame-throwers.
Speaker AA
They had big artillery pieces. They had thousands of foot soldiers, and we were not expecting that.
Speaker B
But after the Japanese had established beachheads and began pushing inland, MacArthur was forced to implement War Plan Orange.
Speaker B
An old defensive plan which he had previously discarded.
Speaker B
This call for the withdrawal of all USAFFE troops in Luzon to the thickly forested Bataan Peninsula.
Speaker B
There, together with the heavily fortified island of Corregidor, they could deny any enemy the use of Manila and its strategic harbor.
Speaker B
Entrenched in their positions, USAFFE troops were simply expected to hold out until reinforcements arrived.
Speaker AA
One of the things that Gen. MacArthur never planned for, he planned for the troops, he planned for Filipinos and Filipino Scouts, Philippine Army and the American Forces to come to Bataan.
Speaker AA
But, he did not figure that there would be almost 40,000 civilians that were going to come in to Bataan seeking security.
Speaker AC
He left enormous quantities of food, ammunition and medicines up north.
Speaker B
To prevent further civilian casualties and damage to property, Manila was declared an open city and cleared of military personnel.
Speaker B
President Manuel Quezon and his family, together with selected members of his cabinet, were evacuated to Corregidor.
Speaker B
By New Year's Day 1942, all USAFFE forces in Luzon were entering Bataan.
Speaker B
Confident that it would only be a matter of time before reinforcements would come.
Speaker B
But the question was, how long could the defenders of Bataan and Corregidor hold out?
Speaker B
On January 2, 1942, the Japanese occupied Manila.
Speaker B
General Masaharu Homma, commander of the Japanese 14th Army had been given 50 days to conquer the Philippines.
Speaker B
But Homma knew that as long as the USAFFE forces continued to hold Bataan and Corregidor, he could not accomplish his mission.
Speaker B
To buy time for an active defense on Bataan, the USAFFE forces set up delaying lines on the main road leading to the peninsula.
Speaker B
The units manning these lines were tasked to stall the Japanese advance.
Speaker B
And they did.
Speaker B
In heroic fashion.
Speaker S
We had a Major Donovan, and he found a way to get rid of them.
Speaker S
He circled the sugar cane field and set it on fire, and Japanese came out of there in a hurry.
Speaker S
And it was sort of a duck shoot at that point in time.
Speaker B
Despite being tired from combat and a long withdrawal, the 21st Division in Porac and the 71st Division in Layac, supported by Philippine Scout artillery batteries, slowed down the enemy war machine.
Speaker B
At Layac Junction, Jose Calugas, a mess sergeant of the Philippine Scouts, sprang into action after one of his unit's guns got hit by advancing Japanese tanks.
Speaker B
He ran forward under enemy fire and mobilized two days Philippine Army lieutenants, manning their 75 mm cannon.
Speaker B
They continuously fired at the enemy.
Speaker B
For this exceptional act of heroism, Sergeant Calugas was awarded the US Congressional Medal of Honor.
Speaker B
The only Filipino to win this award in World War II.
Speaker B
After the long withdrawal to Bataan, the defenders now felt it was time to stand fast and face the enemy squarely.
Speaker B
They had to hold the Orion-Bagac line at all costs.
Speaker B
If this line were to be broken, the defense of Bataan would collapse.
Speaker B
The Japanese launched attack after attack on the Orion-Bagac line.
Speaker B
Again and again, they suffered heavy losses.
Speaker B
2,275 men killed in action and 4,049 wounded.
Speaker B
By contrast, elsewhere in Asia and the Pacific, the Japanese war machine was moving swiftly forward.
Speaker B
Conquering Guam, Hong Kong, Wake Island, Malaya and Singapore.
Speaker B
Faced with a high casualty rate and the inability to break the USAFFE defense in Bataan, General Homma decided to pull back and await reinforcements.
Speaker B
There now ensued a lull in the fighting that would last 45 days.
Speaker B
Unable to win with their guns, the Japanese resorted to propaganda to break the spirit of the Filipinos and turn them against the Americans.
Speaker Z
They dropped leaflets about women and so forth, making us think about our families.
Speaker U
They thought of these as entertainment.
Speaker B
But the morale of the Bataan defenders remained high.
Speaker B
The defenders were motivated to fight harder when they learned the story of Erlinda.
Speaker B
A young Filipina who had been raped and killed by the Japanese.
Speaker B
Remember Erlinda became the cry of defiance.
Speaker B
USAFFE headquarters tried to boost morale further through stirring broadcasts from the Voice of Freedom in Corregidor.
Speaker O
Lieutenant Norman Reyes handled the English portion and then Lieutenant Francisco Isidoro, the Tagalog portion.
Speaker O
Our morale was really high, especially when we heard "A mile-long convoy is on the way".
Speaker W
The propaganda then was that, Pres Roosevelt is sending a long convoy of reinforcements.
Speaker W
So, just keep on holding Bataan, keep on holding.
Speaker B
But there was no convoy coming.
Speaker B
Little did the Filipino-American soldiers know that the United States government had reached a decision that virtually made them sacrificial pawns.
Speaker B
After Pearl Harbor, the US would pour its remaining resources to helping the allies win the war in Europe first.
Speaker B
Before making its move in the Pacific.
Speaker B
When US President Roosevelt disapproved, Quezon sarcastically remarked.
Speaker B
"How typically American to anguish over the fate of a distant cousin (Britain), while a daughter (the Philippines) is being raped in the back room."
Speaker B
But with the Philippines isolated, it was no longer safe to keep President Quezon and General MacArthur in the country.
Speaker B
Quezon was evacuated by submarine.
Speaker B
While MacArthur left Corregidor by PT boat and route to Australia.
Speaker B
Just before leaving, MacArthur promised to return.
Speaker B
Tonight.
Speaker B
I repeat those words.
Speaker B
I shall return.
Speaker B
In the meantime, he called on General Jonathan Wainwright to take over the command.
Speaker B
Major General Edward King was named commander of the Bataan forces.
Speaker B
The Filipino and American forces were nearing the breaking point.
Speaker B
But the stubborn defense of Bataan and Corregidor had put the Philippines on the world map and gained recognition for the Filipino soldier.
Speaker B
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill praised the Filipino soldiers as the best warrior in the world.
Speaker B
And US President Roosevelt saluted the Filipinos for upholding the most magnificent traditions of free democracy.
Speaker B
I say that.
Speaker B
Again and again.
Speaker B
At this point, however, the troops needed more than a moral boost.
Speaker B
They needed food, ammunition and air support.
Speaker B
This never came.
Speaker B
By contrast, the Japanese had reinforcements on the way and were determined to crush the defenders of Bataan.
Speaker B
As April 1942 began, the USAFFE troops, weakened by hunger and disease, were still holding on.
Speaker U
People could still laugh and joke.
Speaker U
It seemed that mostly people accepted their fate.
Speaker B
With fresh troops, the Japanese launched their final offensive on April 3, Good Friday.
Speaker B
The first goal was to capture Mount Samat, from this central high ground, the Japanese could split the USAFFE lines.
Speaker B
Making isolated Fil-American forces easy prey.
Speaker Z
They kept on bombing.
Speaker Z
We thought that we will die.
Speaker B
The defenders were physically weak and weary, but they put up a fierce fight against the revitalized enemy.
Speaker B
Eventually, the frontlines collapsed in the face of the relentless assault.
Speaker AD
When we ran out of bullets, we would dig out boulders atop of Mt. Samat and rolled them toward the invaders.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Eventually, the defenders of Corregidor were taken to Camp O'Donnell to join their comrades from Bataan.
Speaker O
Life (at Camp O'Donnell) turned out to be hopeless.
Speaker Z
Because in our barracks where we were assigned, we were about 200 in a barracks that can accommodate only about 100.
Speaker Z
So, it was terrible.
Speaker AD
I got sick with malaria and beri-beri.
Speaker AD
And chicken lice stuck to our bodies.
Speaker O
When you wake up in the morning, it's still dark, you can faintly see this long convoy carrying the dead.
Speaker O
Even after the sun sets, the line is still long.
Speaker O
Imagine that.
Speaker AF
The rate would be as high as 500 deaths a day, so obviously there were a lot of people that were not even discovered to be dead and be in the barracks for quite sometime.
Speaker R
We decided that when somebody was already sick and could not walk, we had two of us, among those who were healthy, we had to carry him so that he will not impede the march.
Speaker B
In a show of solidarity, townspeople along the route pitched in their support.
Speaker B
Tossing food and water to the prisoners and helping some escape.
Speaker AE
I don't remember who they were but I remember a Filipina girl who used to give me a bibingka (rice cake).
Speaker B
At the San Fernando rail station, those prisoners who had survived the march found out that their ordeal was far from over.
Speaker B
Eventually, the defenders of Corregidor were taken to Camp O'Donnell to join their comrades from Bataan.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker O
Many of us wept when we heard that broadcast. But what we can do, that was our fate.
Speaker B
It was only after the fighting stopped that the Japanese realized that they had more than 66,000 Filipino soldiers and over 10,000 American troops as prisoners of war.
Speaker B
The Japanese now found themselves facing an overwhelming logistical challenge for which they were unprepared.
Speaker B
They devised a plan that called for gathering the POWs in the towns of Mariveles and Balanga and marching them to San Fernando, Pampanga.
Speaker B
From there, the prisoners would board cargo trains to Capas, Tarlac for a final walk to the O'Donnell prison camp.
Speaker B
This 100 km ordeal came to be known as the Death March.
Speaker W
It was hell! It was summer, April and so hot!
Speaker AE
They took my watch. They took my ring. They took my wallet. They took everything I have.
Speaker B
Some prisoners never even made it to the Death March.
Speaker B
But their fate was no less tragic.
Speaker B
Most notable among these were over 400 officers and men from various USAFFE units who were forcibly assembled by the Japanese near the Pantingan River.
Speaker R
Hands were now tied connected to each other by telephone wires.
Speaker B
The Japanese commander gave an order, they all fixed bayonets.
Speaker B
Move out!
Speaker B
The Death March took its toll on the rest of the POWs.
Speaker B
Given meager rations and deprived of water, many died by the roadside.
Speaker S
It becomes a question of time before you just want water so bad, you'll do anything to get it.
Speaker B
In sum, more than 15,000 Filipinos and Americans are estimated to have died or escaped during the Death March.
Speaker B
Elsewhere in the archipelago, other Filipinos continued to defy the Japanese as well.
Speaker B
Among these courageous patriots was Supreme Court Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, who refused to collaborate with the enemy.
Speaker AG
They cautioned me and said, "Do not cry Pepito, show these people that you are brave and that everybody has given the opportunity to die for one's country son".
Speaker AG
He marched proudly with his shirt flapping.
Speaker AG
And after that I went up to the house and took my prayer book and read the prayer for the dead.
Speaker AG
And after a few minutes, I heard a volley of shots and I knew that my father was killed.
Speaker B
With no further organized resistance possible and assured that the prisoners would be treated humanely.
Speaker B
General King decided to surrender the entire Bataan force to the Japanese.
Speaker B
Bataan had fallen, and on Corregidor, the Voice of Freedom broadcast the fall of Bataan.
Speaker A
I hope you enjoyed watching Legacy of Heroes.
Speaker A
It is more than just a historical video documentary, the story of the defenders of Bataan and Corregidor reminds us of the price of the freedom that we take for granted today.
Speaker A
It also urges us to remember what a united, gallant and patriotic people can achieve.
Speaker A
Let us march forward in the footsteps of our heroes to create the strong Republic we have longed for all these years.
Topics:BataanCorregidorWorld War IIFilipino veteransPhilippine defenseJapanese invasionDouglas MacArthurUSAFFEPhilippine Commonwealthwartime sacrifice
