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Transcription is the process of making RNA from a DNA template.
This video explains the transcription process of RNA from a DNA template, detailing key factors like transcription factors, RNA polymerase, and ATP.
Key Takeaways
- Transcription requires a coordinated interaction of multiple transcription factors and RNA polymerase.
- The TATA box is crucial for positioning the transcription machinery.
- ATP provides the necessary energy for transcription initiation.
- RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA by reading the DNA template and releases the RNA upon completion.
- The process is tightly regulated and involves the sequential assembly and disassembly of protein complexes.
Summary
- Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template.
- Key components involved include DNA, transcription factors, RNA polymerase, and ATP.
- The transcription unit is the main DNA region used to produce RNA.
- The TATA box and enhancer regions play important roles in transcription initiation.
- Transcription factors such as TF2D, TF2A, and TF2B bind to DNA to prepare for RNA polymerase attachment.
- TBP, a component of TF2D, binds to the TATA box to position the transcription complex.
- RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA by reading the DNA strand once the transcription complex is formed.
- Energy from ATP hydrolysis (ATP to ADP and Pi) is required to start transcription.
- Most transcription factors dissociate after transcription begins.
- RNA polymerase releases the newly formed RNA strand upon reaching the end of the transcription unit.
Full Transcript — Download SRT & Markdown
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A transcrição é o processo de fabrico do RNA a partir de um molde de DNA.
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Several key factors are involved in this process, including
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DNA,
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Neste processo intervêm vários fatores chave.
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Transcription factors,
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fatores de transcrição,
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RNA polymerase,
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RNA polimerase,
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and ATP.
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e ATP.
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Transcription begins with a strand of DNA.
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A transcrição inicia-se com uma cadeia de DNA.
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It is divided into several important regions.
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Está dividida em várias regiões importantes.
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The largest of these is the transcription unit.
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A maior é a unidade de transcrição.
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This portion of the DNA will be used to produce RNA.
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Esta porção de DNA será usada para produzir RNA.
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Upstream of the transcription unit is the TATA box.
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A montante da unidade de transcrição encontra-se a caixa TATA.
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An enhancer region may also be involved. Several complexes, known as transcription factors, are required for successful transcription.
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Pode também estar envolvida uma região promotora. São necessários vários complexos, conhecidos como fatores de transcrição, para que a transcrição seja bem sucedida.
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The first is TF2D, the largest of the general factors.
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O primeiro é o TF2D, o maior dos fatores gerais.
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A component of this factor, TBP, binds to the DNA using the TATA box to position TF2D near the transcription initiation site.
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Um dos componentes deste fator, a TBP, liga-se ao DNA usando a caixa TATA para posicionar o TF2D próximo ao local de iniciação da transcrição.
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Other transcription factors, including TF2A and TF2B, then attach.
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Outros fatores de transcrição, como o TF2A e o TF2B, ligam-se depois.
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These complexes prepare the DNA for the successful binding of RNA polymerase.
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Estes complexos preparam o DNA para a ligação com êxito da RNA polimerase.
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Once RNA polymerase is bound, other transcription factors complete the mature transcription complex.
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Depois da RNA polimerase se ligar ao DNA, outros fatores de transcrição completam o complexo de iniciação da transcrição.
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Now, energy must be added to the system for transcription to begin.
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Para que a transcrição comece, é agora necessário dar energia ao sistema.
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This energy is provided by the reduction of ATP into ADP and PI.
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Esta energia provém da redução do ATP em ADP e Pi.
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RNA polymerase then synthesizes an RNA template from the strand of DNA.
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A RNA polimerase sintetiza então um molde de RNA a partir da cadeia de DNA.
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Most factors are released after transcription begins.
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A maioria dos fatores liberta-se quando se inicia a transcrição.
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When the end of the transcription unit is reached, the RNA polymerase dissociates
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Quando chega ao final da unidade de transcrição, a RNA polimerase desliga-se
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and the newly formed strand of RNA is released.
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e a nova cadeia de RNA é libertada.
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Traduzido e adaptado para a Casa das Ciências por
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Diana Barbosa e Manuel Silva Pinto em abril de 2012
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casadasciencias.org
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A Casa das Ciências agradece ao Molecular & Cellular Biology Education Project, uma iniciativa da North Dakota State University,
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a amabilidade em autorizar a tradução e utilização
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deste vídeo educativo
Topics:transcriptionDNARNARNA polymerasetranscription factorsTATA boxATPgene expressionmolecular biologybiochemistry
